{
    "componentChunkName": "component---node-modules-gatsby-theme-try-ghost-src-templates-post-js",
    "path": "/kubernetes-i-intro-e-instalacion/",
    "result": {"data":{"ghostPost":{"id":"Ghost__Post__5fafcc29a6c0f5058bff4598","title":"Docker VI - Kubernetes I: Intro e instalación","slug":"kubernetes-i-intro-e-instalacion","featured":false,"feature_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.jpg","excerpt":"En general ya tenemos una idea de que es Kubernetes, seguro que lo hemos oido o\nleido en algún momento, en un resumen muy escueto, podemos decir que es una\nherramienta de instrumentación/orquestación de nodos de Docker, estos pueden\nestar en uno o varios servidores. Nos provee de una serie de herramientas para\npoder gestionar nuestros conjuntos de aplicaciones que están funcionando en\nvarios contenedores Docker.\n\nInstalación\nEn un primer momento comentar que realmente Kubertenes es un servicio q","custom_excerpt":null,"visibility":"public","created_at_pretty":"14 Nov 2020","published_at_pretty":"17 Nov 2020","updated_at_pretty":"19 Jan 2021","created_at":"2020-11-14T13:23:05.000+01:00","published_at":"2020-11-17T11:03:00.000+01:00","updated_at":"2021-01-19T21:07:05.000+01:00","meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"og_description":null,"og_image":null,"og_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"twitter_image":null,"twitter_title":null,"authors":[{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":null}],"primary_author":{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":{"base":"Perfil.jpg","publicURL":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/Perfil.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":307,"height":307},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1,"src":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg","srcSet":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f340b/Perfil.jpg 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/22d64/Perfil.jpg 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/aa249/Perfil.jpg 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/0dc33/Perfil.jpg 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/60667/Perfil.jpg 307w","srcWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/59cda/Perfil.webp 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/7da75/Perfil.webp 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f282e/Perfil.webp 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/a7b21/Perfil.webp 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f59af/Perfil.webp 307w","sizes":"(max-width: 110px) 100vw, 110px"}}}},"primary_tag":{"slug":"docker","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/docker/","name":"Docker","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Docker Issues","meta_description":"Veremos algunos de los problemas que me he ido encontrando trabajando con contenedores y que no es tan fácil encontrar la solución en internet.","featureImageSharp":null},"tags":[{"slug":"docker","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/docker/","name":"Docker","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Docker Issues","meta_description":"Veremos algunos de los problemas que me he ido encontrando trabajando con contenedores y que no es tan fácil encontrar la solución en internet.","featureImageSharp":null},{"slug":"kubernetes","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/kubernetes/","name":"kubernetes","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null}],"plaintext":"En general ya tenemos una idea de que es Kubernetes, seguro que lo hemos oido o\nleido en algún momento, en un resumen muy escueto, podemos decir que es una\nherramienta de instrumentación/orquestación de nodos de Docker, estos pueden\nestar en uno o varios servidores. Nos provee de una serie de herramientas para\npoder gestionar nuestros conjuntos de aplicaciones que están funcionando en\nvarios contenedores Docker.\n\nInstalación\nEn un primer momento comentar que realmente Kubertenes es un servicio que estará\nfuncionando en algún proveedor cloud (AWS/Gooogle/Azure...), por lo que\npropiamente dicho no tendriamos una instalación. En esta sección veremos como\ninstalar un entorno local de pruebas de kubernetes y las herramientas habituales\nde gestión de kubernetes (que estas si que se usan en producción)\n\nCLI de gestión kubernetes\nEl servicio de Kubernetes como tal, dispone de una API para su gestión, es\ndecir, que podríamos usar postman o curl para gestionar nuestro entorno de\nkubernetes, pero esto en mi opinión para el uso habitual de kubernetes no es\nnecesario. Disponemos de un cli específico llamado kubectl que nos proporciona\ntodo lo necesario para la gestión de cualquier entorno de kubernetes. (Mas info\n[https://kubernetes.io/es/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/#instalar-kubectl])\n\nBasicamente para su instalación en MacOs por ejemplo solo necesitamos hacer:\n\nbrew install kubernetes-cli\n\n\nCon esto se instalaria el cli que usaremos para trabajar.\n\nKubernetes en local\nA continuación lo que haremos será instalar el servicio local que será nuestro\nkubernetes, para ello han creado una herramienta llamada minikube que hará las\nveces de server de kunernetes (Mas info\n[https://kubernetes.io/es/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/]).\n\nPara instalarlo solo tenemos que ejecutar\n\nbrew install minikube\n\n\nEsto instalará lo necesario para que minikube funcione.\nA continuación lo que haremos será arrancar minikube para que funcione con\nkubectl. Para ello es suficiente con ejecutar:\n\nminikube start\n\n\nEsto iniciará y configurará el entorno de minikube y además hará que funcione\ncon kubectl.\nPodemos indicarle también la cantidad de memoria que queremos que use por\ndefecto nuestro servicio de minikube pasandole:\n\nminikube start --memory=4096\n\n\nEsto haría que use 4Gb por defecto usa 2. Tiene más opciones como indicarle\ncantidad de CPU y demás. Si queréis ver más opciones lo ideal es mirar la\ndocumentación para verlas todas.\n\nProbando que todo ha ido bien\nAhora ya tenemos lo básico para empezar a trabajar. Podemos comprobarlo\nejecutando los comandos:\n\n * Ver la versión que tenemos tanto del cliente (lo que seria kubectl) como del\n   servidor (en este caso minikube)\n\nkubectl version\n\n\n\n\n * Ver los nodos que tenemos de kubernetes (donde podemos ver el rol que tiene\n   cada uno, en este caso MASTER)\n\nkubectl get nodes\n\n\n\n\n * Ver el estado kubernetes\n\nminikube status\n\n\n\n\n * Información sobre el cluster de kubernetes\n\nkubectl cluster-info\n\n\n\n\nCon esto ya tendríamos lo básico para empezar a trabajar con kubernetes como si\nde un entorno de producción se tratara. En el próximo post empezaremos a\nmandarle instrucciones para ver como responde, un abrazoooooo","html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>En general ya tenemos una idea de que es Kubernetes, seguro que lo hemos oido o leido en algún momento, en un resumen muy escueto, podemos decir que es una herramienta de instrumentación/orquestación de nodos de Docker, estos pueden estar en uno o varios servidores. Nos provee de una serie de herramientas para poder gestionar nuestros conjuntos de aplicaciones que están funcionando en varios contenedores Docker.</p>\n<h1 id=\"instalacin\">Instalación</h1>\n<p>En un primer momento comentar que realmente Kubertenes es un servicio que estará funcionando en algún proveedor cloud (AWS/Gooogle/Azure...), por lo que propiamente dicho no tendriamos una instalación. En esta sección veremos como instalar un entorno local de pruebas de kubernetes y las herramientas habituales de gestión de kubernetes (que estas si que se usan en producción)</p>\n<h3 id=\"clidegestinkubernetes\">CLI de gestión kubernetes</h3>\n<p>El servicio de Kubernetes como tal, dispone de una API para su gestión, es decir, que podríamos usar postman o curl para gestionar nuestro entorno de kubernetes, pero esto en mi opinión para el uso habitual de kubernetes no es necesario. Disponemos de un cli específico llamado <strong>kubectl</strong> que nos proporciona todo lo necesario para la gestión de cualquier entorno de kubernetes. (Mas <a href=\"https://kubernetes.io/es/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/#instalar-kubectl\">info</a>)</p>\n<p>Basicamente para su instalación en MacOs por ejemplo solo necesitamos hacer:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">brew install kubernetes-cli\n</code></pre>\n<p>Con esto se instalaria el cli que usaremos para trabajar.</p>\n<h3 id=\"kubernetesenlocal\">Kubernetes en local</h3>\n<p>A continuación lo que haremos será instalar el servicio local que será nuestro kubernetes, para ello han creado una herramienta llamada <strong>minikube</strong> que hará las veces de server de kunernetes (Mas <a href=\"https://kubernetes.io/es/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/\">info</a>).</p>\n<p>Para instalarlo solo tenemos que ejecutar</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">brew install minikube\n</code></pre>\n<p>Esto instalará lo necesario para que minikube funcione.<br>\nA continuación lo que haremos será arrancar <strong>minikube</strong> para que funcione con kubectl. Para ello es suficiente con ejecutar:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube start\n</code></pre>\n<p>Esto iniciará y configurará el entorno de minikube y además hará que funcione con <strong>kubectl</strong>.<br>\nPodemos indicarle también la cantidad de memoria que queremos que use por defecto nuestro servicio de minikube pasandole:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube start --memory=4096\n</code></pre>\n<p>Esto haría que use 4Gb por defecto usa 2. Tiene más opciones como indicarle cantidad de CPU y demás. Si queréis ver más opciones lo ideal es mirar la documentación para verlas todas.</p>\n<h3 id=\"probandoquetodohaidobien\">Probando que todo ha ido bien</h3>\n<p>Ahora ya tenemos lo básico para empezar a trabajar. Podemos comprobarlo ejecutando los comandos:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ver la versión que tenemos tanto del cliente (lo que seria kubectl) como del servidor (en este caso minikube)</li>\n</ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl version\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.00.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.00\"></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ver los nodos que tenemos de kubernetes (donde podemos ver el rol que tiene cada uno, en este caso MASTER)</li>\n</ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl get nodes\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.07.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.07\"></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ver el estado kubernetes</li>\n</ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube status\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.48.02.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.48.02\"></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Información sobre el cluster de kubernetes</li>\n</ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl cluster-info\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.49.21.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.49.21\"></p>\n<p>Con esto ya tendríamos lo básico para empezar a trabajar con kubernetes como si de un entorno de producción se tratara. En el próximo post empezaremos a mandarle instrucciones para ver como responde, un abrazoooooo</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/kubernetes-i-intro-e-instalacion/","canonical_url":null,"uuid":"a3169979-5484-4532-913f-21e61bf18d84","codeinjection_foot":null,"codeinjection_head":null,"codeinjection_styles":null,"comment_id":"5fafcc29a6c0f5058bff4598","reading_time":3,"send_email_when_published":false,"email_subject":null,"childHtmlRehype":{"html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>En general ya tenemos una idea de que es Kubernetes, seguro que lo hemos oido o leido en algún momento, en un resumen muy escueto, podemos decir que es una herramienta de instrumentación/orquestación de nodos de Docker, estos pueden estar en uno o varios servidores. Nos provee de una serie de herramientas para poder gestionar nuestros conjuntos de aplicaciones que están funcionando en varios contenedores Docker.</p>\n<h1 id=\"instalacin\">Instalación</h1>\n<p>En un primer momento comentar que realmente Kubertenes es un servicio que estará funcionando en algún proveedor cloud (AWS/Gooogle/Azure...), por lo que propiamente dicho no tendriamos una instalación. En esta sección veremos como instalar un entorno local de pruebas de kubernetes y las herramientas habituales de gestión de kubernetes (que estas si que se usan en producción)</p>\n<h3 id=\"clidegestinkubernetes\">CLI de gestión kubernetes</h3>\n<p>El servicio de Kubernetes como tal, dispone de una API para su gestión, es decir, que podríamos usar postman o curl para gestionar nuestro entorno de kubernetes, pero esto en mi opinión para el uso habitual de kubernetes no es necesario. Disponemos de un cli específico llamado <strong>kubectl</strong> que nos proporciona todo lo necesario para la gestión de cualquier entorno de kubernetes. (Mas <a href=\"https://kubernetes.io/es/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/#instalar-kubectl\">info</a>)</p>\n<p>Basicamente para su instalación en MacOs por ejemplo solo necesitamos hacer:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">brew <span class=\"token function\">install</span> kubernetes-cli\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Con esto se instalaria el cli que usaremos para trabajar.</p>\n<h3 id=\"kubernetesenlocal\">Kubernetes en local</h3>\n<p>A continuación lo que haremos será instalar el servicio local que será nuestro kubernetes, para ello han creado una herramienta llamada <strong>minikube</strong> que hará las veces de server de kunernetes (Mas <a href=\"https://kubernetes.io/es/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/\">info</a>).</p>\n<p>Para instalarlo solo tenemos que ejecutar</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">brew <span class=\"token function\">install</span> minikube\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Esto instalará lo necesario para que minikube funcione.<br>\nA continuación lo que haremos será arrancar <strong>minikube</strong> para que funcione con kubectl. Para ello es suficiente con ejecutar:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube start\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Esto iniciará y configurará el entorno de minikube y además hará que funcione con <strong>kubectl</strong>.<br>\nPodemos indicarle también la cantidad de memoria que queremos que use por defecto nuestro servicio de minikube pasandole:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube start --memory<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">4096</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Esto haría que use 4Gb por defecto usa 2. Tiene más opciones como indicarle cantidad de CPU y demás. Si queréis ver más opciones lo ideal es mirar la documentación para verlas todas.</p>\n<h3 id=\"probandoquetodohaidobien\">Probando que todo ha ido bien</h3>\n<p>Ahora ya tenemos lo básico para empezar a trabajar. Podemos comprobarlo ejecutando los comandos:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ver la versión que tenemos tanto del cliente (lo que seria kubectl) como del servidor (en este caso minikube)</li>\n</ul>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl version\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.00.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.00\"></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ver los nodos que tenemos de kubernetes (donde podemos ver el rol que tiene cada uno, en este caso MASTER)</li>\n</ul>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl get nodes\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.07.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.07\"></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ver el estado kubernetes</li>\n</ul>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube status\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.48.02.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.48.02\"></p>\n<ul>\n<li>Información sobre el cluster de kubernetes</li>\n</ul>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl cluster-info\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.49.21.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.49.21\"></p>\n<p>Con esto ya tendríamos lo básico para empezar a trabajar con kubernetes como si de un entorno de producción se tratara. En el próximo post empezaremos a mandarle instrucciones para ver como responde, un abrazoooooo</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","htmlAst":{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-begin: markdown"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"En general ya tenemos una idea de que es Kubernetes, seguro que lo hemos oido o leido en algún momento, en un resumen muy escueto, podemos decir que es una herramienta de instrumentación/orquestación de nodos de Docker, estos pueden estar en uno o varios servidores. Nos provee de una serie de herramientas para poder gestionar nuestros conjuntos de aplicaciones que están funcionando en varios contenedores Docker."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h1","properties":{"id":"instalacin"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Instalación"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"En un primer momento comentar que realmente Kubertenes es un servicio que estará funcionando en algún proveedor cloud (AWS/Gooogle/Azure...), por lo que propiamente dicho no tendriamos una instalación. En esta sección veremos como instalar un entorno local de pruebas de kubernetes y las herramientas habituales de gestión de kubernetes (que estas si que se usan en producción)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h3","properties":{"id":"clidegestinkubernetes"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"CLI de gestión kubernetes"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"El servicio de Kubernetes como tal, dispone de una API para su gestión, es decir, que podríamos usar postman o curl para gestionar nuestro entorno de kubernetes, pero esto en mi opinión para el uso habitual de kubernetes no es necesario. Disponemos de un cli específico llamado "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl"}]},{"type":"text","value":" que nos proporciona todo lo necesario para la gestión de cualquier entorno de kubernetes. (Mas "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://kubernetes.io/es/docs/tasks/tools/install-kubectl/#instalar-kubectl"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"info"}]},{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Basicamente para su instalación en MacOs por ejemplo solo necesitamos hacer:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"brew "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"install"}]},{"type":"text","value":" kubernetes-cli\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Con esto se instalaria el cli que usaremos para trabajar."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h3","properties":{"id":"kubernetesenlocal"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Kubernetes en local"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"A continuación lo que haremos será instalar el servicio local que será nuestro kubernetes, para ello han creado una herramienta llamada "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube"}]},{"type":"text","value":" que hará las veces de server de kunernetes (Mas "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://kubernetes.io/es/docs/tasks/tools/install-minikube/"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"info"}]},{"type":"text","value":")."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Para instalarlo solo tenemos que ejecutar"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"brew "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"install"}]},{"type":"text","value":" minikube\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto instalará lo necesario para que minikube funcione."},{"type":"element","tagName":"br","properties":{},"children":[]},{"type":"text","value":"\nA continuación lo que haremos será arrancar "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para que funcione con kubectl. Para ello es suficiente con ejecutar:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube start\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto iniciará y configurará el entorno de minikube y además hará que funcione con "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl"}]},{"type":"text","value":"."},{"type":"element","tagName":"br","properties":{},"children":[]},{"type":"text","value":"\nPodemos indicarle también la cantidad de memoria que queremos que use por defecto nuestro servicio de minikube pasandole:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube start --memory"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"4096"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto haría que use 4Gb por defecto usa 2. Tiene más opciones como indicarle cantidad de CPU y demás. Si queréis ver más opciones lo ideal es mirar la documentación para verlas todas."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h3","properties":{"id":"probandoquetodohaidobien"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Probando que todo ha ido bien"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ahora ya tenemos lo básico para empezar a trabajar. Podemos comprobarlo ejecutando los comandos:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ver la versión que tenemos tanto del cliente (lo que seria kubectl) como del servidor (en este caso minikube)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl version\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.00.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.00"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ver los nodos que tenemos de kubernetes (donde podemos ver el rol que tiene cada uno, en este caso MASTER)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl get nodes\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.07.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.45.07"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ver el estado kubernetes"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube status\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.48.02.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.48.02"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Información sobre el cluster de kubernetes"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl cluster-info\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.49.21.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-14-a-las-13.49.21"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Con esto ya tendríamos lo básico para empezar a trabajar con kubernetes como si de un entorno de producción se tratara. En el próximo post empezaremos a mandarle instrucciones para ver como responde, un abrazoooooo"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-end: markdown"}],"data":{"quirksMode":false}},"tableOfContents":[{"id":"instalacin","heading":"Instalación","items":[{"id":"clidegestinkubernetes","heading":"CLI de gestión kubernetes"},{"id":"kubernetesenlocal","heading":"Kubernetes en local"},{"id":"probandoquetodohaidobien","heading":"Probando que todo ha ido bien"}]}]},"featureImageSharp":{"base":"learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.jpg","publicURL":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":480,"height":270},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.7808219178082192,"src":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/e3903/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.jpg","srcSet":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/65d8c/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.jpg 260w,\n/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/e3903/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.jpg 480w","srcWebp":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/61162/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/dc8f3/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.webp 260w,\n/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/61162/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice.webp 480w","sizes":"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"}}}},"prev":{"id":"Ghost__Post__5fa7e206a6c0f5058bff43c9","title":"Javascript Funcional III: Composición de funciones","slug":"javascript-funcional-iii-composicion-de-funciones","featured":false,"feature_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Capture-5-1-1.jpeg","excerpt":"Bien vamos con la última de las características que tiene la programación\nfuncional antes de adentrarnos puramente en propiedades funcionales. En este\ncaso vamos a ver en detalle que es eso de Composición de funciones.\n\nEsto realmente no tiene mucha ciencia, el propio nombre nos indica de que va, se\ntrata de aplicar funciones en cadena para lógicas más complejas. Esto se suele\nver en ciertas librerias como composition, pipe, flow..., primero veremos como\naplicar esto de forma nativa y ya veremos","custom_excerpt":null,"visibility":"public","created_at_pretty":"8 Nov 2020","published_at_pretty":"20 Nov 2020","updated_at_pretty":"19 Jan 2021","created_at":"2020-11-08T13:18:14.000+01:00","published_at":"2020-11-20T11:37:00.000+01:00","updated_at":"2021-01-19T21:08:03.000+01:00","meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"og_description":null,"og_image":null,"og_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"twitter_image":null,"twitter_title":null,"authors":[{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":null}],"primary_author":{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":{"base":"Perfil.jpg","publicURL":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/Perfil.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":307,"height":307},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1,"src":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg","srcSet":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f340b/Perfil.jpg 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/22d64/Perfil.jpg 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/aa249/Perfil.jpg 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/0dc33/Perfil.jpg 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/60667/Perfil.jpg 307w","srcWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/59cda/Perfil.webp 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/7da75/Perfil.webp 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f282e/Perfil.webp 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/a7b21/Perfil.webp 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f59af/Perfil.webp 307w","sizes":"(max-width: 110px) 100vw, 110px"}}}},"primary_tag":{"slug":"funcional","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/funcional/","name":"funcional","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null},"tags":[{"slug":"funcional","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/funcional/","name":"funcional","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null},{"slug":"javascript","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/javascript/","name":"javascript","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null},{"slug":"ramda","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/ramda/","name":"ramda","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null}],"plaintext":"Bien vamos con la última de las características que tiene la programación\nfuncional antes de adentrarnos puramente en propiedades funcionales. En este\ncaso vamos a ver en detalle que es eso de Composición de funciones.\n\nEsto realmente no tiene mucha ciencia, el propio nombre nos indica de que va, se\ntrata de aplicar funciones en cadena para lógicas más complejas. Esto se suele\nver en ciertas librerias como composition, pipe, flow..., primero veremos como\naplicar esto de forma nativa y ya veremos algún atajo con alguna libreria.\n\nContinuemos con la teoria de uno de los ejemplos anteriores que es la de crear\nun player inicial para un juego:\n\nconst setName = (name) => (player) => {\n  player.name = name\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setPowers = (player) => {\n  const availablePowers = ['fly', 'invisibility', 'bulletproof', 'superstrength']\n  player.powers = availablePowers[Math.floor(Math.random() * availablePowers.length)]\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setWeapon = (player) => {\n  const availableWeapons = ['gun', 'katana', 'ninja star', 'grenade']\n  player.weapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n  return player \n}\n\nconst newPlayer = setWeapon(setPowers(setName('Ninja')({})))\n\nconsole.log(newPlayer)\n\n\nSi nos fijamos en el contenido de newPlayer, es donde tenemos nuestra\ncomposición de funciones, lo que se suele ver como:\n\nf(g(x))\n\n\nEn este caso puede que sea facil de entender lo que estamos haciendo en este\ncaso, pero si tuvieramos esta forma en soluciones más complejas puede que no nos\nenteremos de nada, por lo que veamos como ir mejorando nuestra teoria de la\ncomposición.\n\nLo primero que haremos será crear nuestro propio método compose:\n\nconst compose = (...fns) => x => {\n  return fns.reduce((previous, current) => {\n    return current(previous)\n  }, x)\n}\n\n\nEste método compose lo que hace es recibir una cantidad n de funciones que debe\naplicar sobre un valor inicial x. En este caso lo hace de izquierda a derecha,\nmuchas veces se usa reduceRight para hacerlo de derecha a izquierda, depende de\ncuales sean los métodos a usar para la composición nos interesa más una\ndirección u otra (por defecto derecha a izquierda aunque a mí me gusta más\nizquierda a derecha).\n\nAhora con esta función compose solo tenemos que usarla:\n\nconst compose = (...fns) => x => {\n  return fns.reduce((previous, current) => {\n    return current(previous)\n  }, x)\n}\n\nconst setName = (name) => (player) => {\n  player.name = name\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setPowers = (player) => {\n  const availablePowers = ['fly', 'invisibility', 'bulletproof', 'superstrength']\n  player.powers = availablePowers[Math.floor(Math.random() * availablePowers.length)]\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setWeapon = (player) => {\n  const availableWeapons = ['gun', 'katana', 'ninja star', 'grenade']\n  player.weapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n  return player \n}\n\nconst newPlayer = setWeapon(setPowers(setName('Ninja')({})))\nconst otherPlayer = compose(setName('Ninja'), setPowers, setWeapon)({})\n\nconsole.log(newPlayer)\nconsole.log(otherPlayer)\n\n\n\n\nComo podemos ver ambas funcionan correctamente y es un poco más sencillo de\nentender lo que estamos haciendo. Recuerdo que este ejemplo es un poco forzado\nes solo orientativo para ver la funcionalidad compose.\n\nVeamos el ejemplo con Ramda\n\nconst R = require('ramda')\n\nconst setName = (name) => (player) => {\n  player.name = name\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setPowers = (player) => {\n  const availablePowers = ['fly', 'invisibility', 'bulletproof', 'superstrength']\n  player.powers = availablePowers[Math.floor(Math.random() * availablePowers.length)]\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setWeapon = (player) => {\n  const availableWeapons = ['gun', 'katana', 'ninja star', 'grenade']\n  player.weapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n  return player \n}\n\nconst newPlayer = setWeapon(setPowers(setName('Ninja')({})))\n// Aquí en lugar de compose usamos el método en cuestión de R que es pipe\nconst otherPlayer = R.pipe(setName('Ninja'), setPowers, setWeapon)({})\n\nconsole.log(newPlayer)\nconsole.log(otherPlayer)\n\n\nSolo tenemos que usar pipe para hacerlo de izquierda a derecha o compose para\nhacerlo de derecha a izquierda\n\nUn detalle importante a tener en cuenta y que hacemos uso en el ejemplo, es lo\nque se conoce como programación tacita o point free, este concepto se refiere a\nla omisión de los parámetros de los métodos cuando lo usamos por ejemplo en una\ncomposición como esta que hemos visto, debido a que los valores de retorno de\nunos métodos son los de entrada de otros por lo que como el proceso se realiza\nautomáticamente lo podemos omitir. En este caso que hemos visto siempre se\nretorna el mismo objeto, pero pudiera ser cualquier otro caso mientras que se\ncumpla este concepto:\n\nfuncA :: A -> B\nfuncB :: B -> C\n\n// Esto lo podemos encadenar porque funcB espera como valor de entrada B que es lo que devuelve funcA\nfuncC:: funcA + funcB :: A -> B -> C\n\n\nCreo que con esto se entiende más o menos lo básico sobre la composición, en los\npróximos capítulos veremos elementos más puramente funcionales como pueden ser\nlos Funtores, una abrazooooo","html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>Bien vamos con la última de las características que tiene la programación funcional antes de adentrarnos puramente en propiedades funcionales. En este caso vamos a ver en detalle que es eso de <em>Composición de funciones</em>.</p>\n<p>Esto realmente no tiene mucha ciencia, el propio nombre nos indica de que va, se trata de aplicar funciones en cadena para lógicas más complejas. Esto se suele ver en ciertas librerias como <em>composition, pipe, flow...</em>, primero veremos como aplicar esto de forma nativa y ya veremos algún atajo con alguna libreria.</p>\n<p>Continuemos con la teoria de uno de los ejemplos anteriores que es la de crear un <em>player</em> inicial para un juego:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const setName = (name) =&gt; (player) =&gt; {\n  player.name = name\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setPowers = (player) =&gt; {\n  const availablePowers = ['fly', 'invisibility', 'bulletproof', 'superstrength']\n  player.powers = availablePowers[Math.floor(Math.random() * availablePowers.length)]\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setWeapon = (player) =&gt; {\n  const availableWeapons = ['gun', 'katana', 'ninja star', 'grenade']\n  player.weapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n  return player \n}\n\nconst newPlayer = setWeapon(setPowers(setName('Ninja')({})))\n\nconsole.log(newPlayer)\n</code></pre>\n<p>Si nos fijamos en el contenido de <em>newPlayer</em>, es donde tenemos nuestra composición de funciones, lo que se suele ver como:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">f(g(x))\n</code></pre>\n<p>En este caso puede que sea facil de entender lo que estamos haciendo en este caso, pero si tuvieramos esta forma en soluciones más complejas puede que no nos enteremos de nada, por lo que veamos como ir mejorando nuestra teoria de la composición.</p>\n<p>Lo primero que haremos será crear nuestro propio método <em>compose</em>:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const compose = (...fns) =&gt; x =&gt; {\n  return fns.reduce((previous, current) =&gt; {\n    return current(previous)\n  }, x)\n}\n</code></pre>\n<p>Este método compose lo que hace es recibir una cantidad <strong>n</strong> de funciones que debe aplicar sobre un valor inicial <strong>x</strong>. En este caso lo hace de <strong>izquierda a derecha</strong>, muchas veces se usa <strong>reduceRight</strong> para hacerlo de <strong>derecha a izquierda</strong>, depende de cuales sean los métodos a usar para la composición nos interesa más una dirección u otra (por defecto derecha a izquierda aunque a mí me gusta más izquierda a derecha).</p>\n<p>Ahora con esta función compose solo tenemos que usarla:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const compose = (...fns) =&gt; x =&gt; {\n  return fns.reduce((previous, current) =&gt; {\n    return current(previous)\n  }, x)\n}\n\nconst setName = (name) =&gt; (player) =&gt; {\n  player.name = name\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setPowers = (player) =&gt; {\n  const availablePowers = ['fly', 'invisibility', 'bulletproof', 'superstrength']\n  player.powers = availablePowers[Math.floor(Math.random() * availablePowers.length)]\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setWeapon = (player) =&gt; {\n  const availableWeapons = ['gun', 'katana', 'ninja star', 'grenade']\n  player.weapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n  return player \n}\n\nconst newPlayer = setWeapon(setPowers(setName('Ninja')({})))\nconst otherPlayer = compose(setName('Ninja'), setPowers, setWeapon)({})\n\nconsole.log(newPlayer)\nconsole.log(otherPlayer)\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-08-a-las-14.50.00.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-08-a-las-14.50.00\"></p>\n<p>Como podemos ver ambas funcionan correctamente y es un poco más sencillo de entender lo que estamos haciendo. Recuerdo que este ejemplo es un poco forzado es solo orientativo para ver la funcionalidad <em>compose</em>.</p>\n<p>Veamos el ejemplo con <strong>Ramda</strong></p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const R = require('ramda')\n\nconst setName = (name) =&gt; (player) =&gt; {\n  player.name = name\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setPowers = (player) =&gt; {\n  const availablePowers = ['fly', 'invisibility', 'bulletproof', 'superstrength']\n  player.powers = availablePowers[Math.floor(Math.random() * availablePowers.length)]\n  return player\n}\n\nconst setWeapon = (player) =&gt; {\n  const availableWeapons = ['gun', 'katana', 'ninja star', 'grenade']\n  player.weapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n  return player \n}\n\nconst newPlayer = setWeapon(setPowers(setName('Ninja')({})))\n// Aquí en lugar de compose usamos el método en cuestión de R que es pipe\nconst otherPlayer = R.pipe(setName('Ninja'), setPowers, setWeapon)({})\n\nconsole.log(newPlayer)\nconsole.log(otherPlayer)\n</code></pre>\n<p>Solo tenemos que usar <strong>pipe</strong> para hacerlo de izquierda a derecha o <strong>compose</strong> para hacerlo de derecha a izquierda</p>\n<p>Un detalle importante a tener en cuenta y que hacemos uso en el ejemplo, es lo que se conoce como <em>programación tacita o point free</em>, este concepto se refiere a la omisión de los parámetros de los métodos cuando lo usamos por ejemplo en una composición como esta que hemos visto, debido a que los valores de retorno de unos métodos son los de entrada de otros por lo que como el proceso se realiza automáticamente lo podemos omitir. En este caso que hemos visto siempre se retorna el mismo objeto, pero pudiera ser cualquier otro caso mientras que se cumpla este concepto:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">funcA :: A -&gt; B\nfuncB :: B -&gt; C\n\n// Esto lo podemos encadenar porque funcB espera como valor de entrada B que es lo que devuelve funcA\nfuncC:: funcA + funcB :: A -&gt; B -&gt; C\n</code></pre>\n<p>Creo que con esto se entiende más o menos lo básico sobre la composición, en los próximos capítulos veremos elementos más puramente funcionales como pueden ser los <strong>Funtores</strong>, una abrazooooo</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/javascript-funcional-iii-composicion-de-funciones/","canonical_url":null,"uuid":"9e2f2b98-0abd-4a8d-923b-38c0cf1f4c48","codeinjection_foot":null,"codeinjection_head":null,"codeinjection_styles":null,"comment_id":"5fa7e206a6c0f5058bff43c9","reading_time":3,"send_email_when_published":false,"email_subject":null,"childHtmlRehype":{"html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>Bien vamos con la última de las características que tiene la programación funcional antes de adentrarnos puramente en propiedades funcionales. En este caso vamos a ver en detalle que es eso de <em>Composición de funciones</em>.</p>\n<p>Esto realmente no tiene mucha ciencia, el propio nombre nos indica de que va, se trata de aplicar funciones en cadena para lógicas más complejas. Esto se suele ver en ciertas librerias como <em>composition, pipe, flow...</em>, primero veremos como aplicar esto de forma nativa y ya veremos algún atajo con alguna libreria.</p>\n<p>Continuemos con la teoria de uno de los ejemplos anteriores que es la de crear un <em>player</em> inicial para un juego:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setName</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>name <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> name\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setPowers</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> availablePowers <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'fly'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'invisibility'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'bulletproof'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'superstrength'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>powers <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> availablePowers<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> availablePowers<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setWeapon</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> availableWeapons <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'gun'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'katana'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'ninja star'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'grenade'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>weapon <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player \n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> newPlayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">setWeapon</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">setPowers</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">setName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Ninja'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>newPlayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Si nos fijamos en el contenido de <em>newPlayer</em>, es donde tenemos nuestra composición de funciones, lo que se suele ver como:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token function\">f</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">g</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>En este caso puede que sea facil de entender lo que estamos haciendo en este caso, pero si tuvieramos esta forma en soluciones más complejas puede que no nos enteremos de nada, por lo que veamos como ir mejorando nuestra teoria de la composición.</p>\n<p>Lo primero que haremos será crear nuestro propio método <em>compose</em>:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">compose</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\"><span class=\"token operator\">...</span>fns</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">x</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> fns<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">reduce</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">previous<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> current</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token function\">current</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>previous<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Este método compose lo que hace es recibir una cantidad <strong>n</strong> de funciones que debe aplicar sobre un valor inicial <strong>x</strong>. En este caso lo hace de <strong>izquierda a derecha</strong>, muchas veces se usa <strong>reduceRight</strong> para hacerlo de <strong>derecha a izquierda</strong>, depende de cuales sean los métodos a usar para la composición nos interesa más una dirección u otra (por defecto derecha a izquierda aunque a mí me gusta más izquierda a derecha).</p>\n<p>Ahora con esta función compose solo tenemos que usarla:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">compose</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\"><span class=\"token operator\">...</span>fns</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token parameter\">x</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> fns<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">reduce</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">previous<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> current</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token function\">current</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>previous<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setName</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>name <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> name\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setPowers</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> availablePowers <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'fly'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'invisibility'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'bulletproof'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'superstrength'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>powers <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> availablePowers<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> availablePowers<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setWeapon</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> availableWeapons <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'gun'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'katana'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'ninja star'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'grenade'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>weapon <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player \n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> newPlayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">setWeapon</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">setPowers</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">setName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Ninja'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> otherPlayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">compose</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">setName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Ninja'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> setPowers<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> setWeapon<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>newPlayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>otherPlayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-08-a-las-14.50.00.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-08-a-las-14.50.00\"></p>\n<p>Como podemos ver ambas funcionan correctamente y es un poco más sencillo de entender lo que estamos haciendo. Recuerdo que este ejemplo es un poco forzado es solo orientativo para ver la funcionalidad <em>compose</em>.</p>\n<p>Veamos el ejemplo con <strong>Ramda</strong></p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token constant\">R</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">require</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'ramda'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setName</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>name <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> name\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setPowers</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> availablePowers <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'fly'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'invisibility'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'bulletproof'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'superstrength'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>powers <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> availablePowers<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> availablePowers<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">setWeapon</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">player</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> availableWeapons <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'gun'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'katana'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'ninja star'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'grenade'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  player<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>weapon <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> player \n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> newPlayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">setWeapon</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">setPowers</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">setName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Ninja'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Aquí en lugar de compose usamos el método en cuestión de R que es pipe</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> otherPlayer <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token constant\">R</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">pipe</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token function\">setName</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'Ninja'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> setPowers<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> setWeapon<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>newPlayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>otherPlayer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Solo tenemos que usar <strong>pipe</strong> para hacerlo de izquierda a derecha o <strong>compose</strong> para hacerlo de derecha a izquierda</p>\n<p>Un detalle importante a tener en cuenta y que hacemos uso en el ejemplo, es lo que se conoce como <em>programación tacita o point free</em>, este concepto se refiere a la omisión de los parámetros de los métodos cuando lo usamos por ejemplo en una composición como esta que hemos visto, debido a que los valores de retorno de unos métodos son los de entrada de otros por lo que como el proceso se realiza automáticamente lo podemos omitir. En este caso que hemos visto siempre se retorna el mismo objeto, pero pudiera ser cualquier otro caso mientras que se cumpla este concepto:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\">funcA <span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">A</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token constant\">B</span>\nfuncB <span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">B</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token constant\">C</span>\n\n<span class=\"token comment\">// Esto lo podemos encadenar porque funcB espera como valor de entrada B que es lo que devuelve funcA</span>\nfuncC<span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> funcA <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> funcB <span class=\"token operator\">:</span><span class=\"token operator\">:</span> <span class=\"token constant\">A</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token constant\">B</span> <span class=\"token operator\">-</span><span class=\"token operator\">></span> <span class=\"token constant\">C</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Creo que con esto se entiende más o menos lo básico sobre la composición, en los próximos capítulos veremos elementos más puramente funcionales como pueden ser los <strong>Funtores</strong>, una abrazooooo</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","htmlAst":{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-begin: markdown"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Bien vamos con la última de las características que tiene la programación funcional antes de adentrarnos puramente en propiedades funcionales. En este caso vamos a ver en detalle que es eso de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Composición de funciones"}]},{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto realmente no tiene mucha ciencia, el propio nombre nos indica de que va, se trata de aplicar funciones en cadena para lógicas más complejas. Esto se suele ver en ciertas librerias como "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"composition, pipe, flow..."}]},{"type":"text","value":", primero veremos como aplicar esto de forma nativa y ya veremos algún atajo con alguna libreria."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Continuemos con la teoria de uno de los ejemplos anteriores que es la de crear un "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"text","value":" inicial para un juego:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setName"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"name "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" name\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setPowers"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'fly'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'invisibility'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'bulletproof'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'superstrength'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"powers "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"length"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setWeapon"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'gun'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'katana'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'ninja star'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'grenade'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"weapon "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"length"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player \n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" newPlayer "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setWeapon"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setPowers"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setName"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"newPlayer"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Si nos fijamos en el contenido de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"newPlayer"}]},{"type":"text","value":", es donde tenemos nuestra composición de funciones, lo que se suele ver como:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"f"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"g"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"x"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"En este caso puede que sea facil de entender lo que estamos haciendo en este caso, pero si tuvieramos esta forma en soluciones más complejas puede que no nos enteremos de nada, por lo que veamos como ir mejorando nuestra teoria de la composición."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Lo primero que haremos será crear nuestro propio método "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"compose"}]},{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"compose"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"..."}]},{"type":"text","value":"fns"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"x"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" fns"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"reduce"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"previous"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" current"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"current"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"previous"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" x"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Este método compose lo que hace es recibir una cantidad "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"n"}]},{"type":"text","value":" de funciones que debe aplicar sobre un valor inicial "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"x"}]},{"type":"text","value":". En este caso lo hace de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"izquierda a derecha"}]},{"type":"text","value":", muchas veces se usa "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"reduceRight"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para hacerlo de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"derecha a izquierda"}]},{"type":"text","value":", depende de cuales sean los métodos a usar para la composición nos interesa más una dirección u otra (por defecto derecha a izquierda aunque a mí me gusta más izquierda a derecha)."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ahora con esta función compose solo tenemos que usarla:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"compose"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"..."}]},{"type":"text","value":"fns"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"x"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" fns"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"reduce"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"previous"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" current"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"current"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"previous"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" x"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setName"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"name "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" name\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setPowers"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'fly'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'invisibility'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'bulletproof'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'superstrength'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"powers "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"length"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setWeapon"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'gun'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'katana'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'ninja star'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'grenade'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"weapon "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"length"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player \n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" newPlayer "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setWeapon"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setPowers"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setName"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" otherPlayer "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"compose"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setName"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" setPowers"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" setWeapon"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"newPlayer"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"otherPlayer"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-08-a-las-14.50.00.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2020-11-08-a-las-14.50.00"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como podemos ver ambas funcionan correctamente y es un poco más sencillo de entender lo que estamos haciendo. Recuerdo que este ejemplo es un poco forzado es solo orientativo para ver la funcionalidad "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"compose"}]},{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Veamos el ejemplo con "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ramda"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"R"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"require"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'ramda'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setName"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"name "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" name\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setPowers"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'fly'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'invisibility'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'bulletproof'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'superstrength'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"powers "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availablePowers"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"length"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setWeapon"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"player"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'gun'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'katana'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'ninja star'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'grenade'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  player"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"weapon "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"length"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player \n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" newPlayer "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setWeapon"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setPowers"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setName"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// Aquí en lugar de compose usamos el método en cuestión de R que es pipe"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" otherPlayer "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"R"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"pipe"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"setName"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" setPowers"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" setWeapon"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"newPlayer"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"otherPlayer"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Solo tenemos que usar "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"pipe"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para hacerlo de izquierda a derecha o "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"compose"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para hacerlo de derecha a izquierda"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Un detalle importante a tener en cuenta y que hacemos uso en el ejemplo, es lo que se conoce como "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"programación tacita o point free"}]},{"type":"text","value":", este concepto se refiere a la omisión de los parámetros de los métodos cuando lo usamos por ejemplo en una composición como esta que hemos visto, debido a que los valores de retorno de unos métodos son los de entrada de otros por lo que como el proceso se realiza automáticamente lo podemos omitir. En este caso que hemos visto siempre se retorna el mismo objeto, pero pudiera ser cualquier otro caso mientras que se cumpla este concepto:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"funcA "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"A"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":">"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"B"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nfuncB "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"B"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":">"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"C"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// Esto lo podemos encadenar porque funcB espera como valor de entrada B que es lo que devuelve funcA"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nfuncC"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" funcA "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"+"}]},{"type":"text","value":" funcB "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"A"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":">"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"B"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":">"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","constant"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"C"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Creo que con esto se entiende más o menos lo básico sobre la composición, en los próximos capítulos veremos elementos más puramente funcionales como pueden ser los "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Funtores"}]},{"type":"text","value":", una abrazooooo"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-end: markdown"}],"data":{"quirksMode":false}},"tableOfContents":[]},"featureImageSharp":{"base":"Capture-5-1-1.jpeg","publicURL":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/Capture-5-1-1.jpeg","imageMeta":{"width":628,"height":263},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":2.3972602739726026,"src":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/fc145/Capture-5-1-1.jpg","srcSet":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/477ba/Capture-5-1-1.jpg 175w,\n/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/06776/Capture-5-1-1.jpg 350w,\n/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/fc145/Capture-5-1-1.jpg 628w","srcWebp":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/09ccc/Capture-5-1-1.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/9fca7/Capture-5-1-1.webp 175w,\n/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/37a4e/Capture-5-1-1.webp 350w,\n/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/09ccc/Capture-5-1-1.webp 628w","sizes":"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px"}}}},"next":{"id":"Ghost__Post__5fa6a809a6c0f5058bff43b6","title":"Javascript Funcional II: Funciones puras, currying y aplicación parcial","slug":"javascript-funcional-ii","featured":false,"feature_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2020/11/Capture-5-1.jpeg","excerpt":"Continuemos con nuestra serie de programación funcional, y en este caso\nseguiremos hablando de sus caracteristicas con Javascript.\nEn el post anterior hablamos de Inmutabilidad, una característica donde no se\nmutaban o modificaban los objetos si no que creabamos otros con los cambios\naplicados.\n\nEsto es básico por ejemplo para el caso de lo siguiente que queremos hablar que\nes Funciones puras\n\nFunciones puras\nLas funciones puras son aquellas donde los cambios que queramos hacer solo se\nproducen ","custom_excerpt":null,"visibility":"public","created_at_pretty":"7 Nov 2020","published_at_pretty":"13 Nov 2020","updated_at_pretty":"19 Jan 2021","created_at":"2020-11-07T14:58:33.000+01:00","published_at":"2020-11-13T11:21:00.000+01:00","updated_at":"2021-01-19T21:06:18.000+01:00","meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"og_description":null,"og_image":null,"og_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"twitter_image":null,"twitter_title":null,"authors":[{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":null}],"primary_author":{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":{"base":"Perfil.jpg","publicURL":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/Perfil.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":307,"height":307},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1,"src":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg","srcSet":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f340b/Perfil.jpg 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/22d64/Perfil.jpg 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/aa249/Perfil.jpg 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/0dc33/Perfil.jpg 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/60667/Perfil.jpg 307w","srcWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/59cda/Perfil.webp 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/7da75/Perfil.webp 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f282e/Perfil.webp 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/a7b21/Perfil.webp 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f59af/Perfil.webp 307w","sizes":"(max-width: 110px) 100vw, 110px"}}}},"primary_tag":{"slug":"funcional","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/funcional/","name":"funcional","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null},"tags":[{"slug":"funcional","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/funcional/","name":"funcional","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null},{"slug":"javascript","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/javascript/","name":"javascript","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null}],"plaintext":"Continuemos con nuestra serie de programación funcional, y en este caso\nseguiremos hablando de sus caracteristicas con Javascript.\nEn el post anterior hablamos de Inmutabilidad, una característica donde no se\nmutaban o modificaban los objetos si no que creabamos otros con los cambios\naplicados.\n\nEsto es básico por ejemplo para el caso de lo siguiente que queremos hablar que\nes Funciones puras\n\nFunciones puras\nLas funciones puras son aquellas donde los cambios que queramos hacer solo se\nproducen dentro del scope de la función (en su interior básicamente), en ningún\ncaso modifican variables externas. Si tenemos una función que no devuelve nada,\nque usa this o que no tiene argumentos podemos empezar a sospechar que no es\npura. OJO aunque digamos que debemos cumplir este punto en la programación\nfuncional muchas veces no es posible por ejemplo en funciones de IO donde por\nejemplo trabajamos con bases de datos, pero en general debemos poder cumplir con\neste principio.\nVeamos un ejemplo del problema y como lo podemos solucionar, seguiremos la\nteoría del ejemplo anterior\n\nconst oldNinjas = ['Ninja1', 'Ninja2']\nconst newNinja = 'Ninja3'\n\nconst addNinja = (actualNinjas, newNinja) => {\n  const ninjas = actualNinjas\n  ninjas.push(newNinja)\n  return ninjas\n}\n\nconst totalNinjas = addNinja(oldNinjas, newNinja)\n\nconsole.log(totalNinjas) // result <--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]\nconsole.log(oldNinjas) // result <--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]\n\n\nEs un ejemplo muy forzado lo sé, pero creo que se puede captar el concepto,\naunque le estemos enviando por parámetro los ninjas actuales al ser realmente\nuna referencia modificamos el valor de oldNinjas queramos o no, en este caso\nvemos como nuestra función no es pura, tiene efectos colaterales que no\ndeseamos. En este caso una posible solución podía ser esta:\n\nconst oldNinjas = ['Ninja1', 'Ninja2']\nconst newNinja = 'Ninja3'\n\nconst addNinja = (actualNinjas, newNinja) => {\n  return actualNinjas.concat(newNinja)\n}\n\nconst totalNinjas = addNinja(oldNinjas, newNinja)\n\nconsole.log(totalNinjas) // result <--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]\nconsole.log(oldNinjas) // result <--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\"]\n\n\nConcat es un método de los arrays que realmente no modifica el objeto original,\nsi no que devuelve uno nuevo, con esto cumpliriamos siempre con la funcionalidad\nen cuestión y no modificamos nada que realmente no queremos. Esta solo es una\nforma de cumplir con lo que estamos buscando sé que tenemos otras muchas\nopciones esto es solo a nivel de ejemplo.\n\nVamos a por la siguiente\n\nFunciones de orden superior\nEsto viene también de la mano de las funciones como ciudadanos de primera clase,\nes decir, las funciones se pueden tratar como cualquier otra variable u objeto\ndel lenguaje y hacen uso de otras funciones.\n\nEstas características estamos usandolas habitualmente en javascript aunque puede\nque no seamos conscientes del todo, por ejemplo cuando hacemos usos de callbacks\no trabajamos con promesas ya estamos haciendo uso de estas características.\nVeamos un ejemplo sencillo que hace uso de las 2 características\n\nfunction calculator (number, operation) {\n  return operation (number)\n}\n\nconst plus2 = (number) => {\n  return number + 2\n}\n\nconst squared = (number) => {\n  return number**2\n}\n\nconst twoPlusTwo = calculator(2, plus2)\nconst threeSquared = calculator(3, squared)\n\nconsole.log(twoPlusTwo) // 4\nconsole.log(threeSquared) // 9\n\n\nComo vemos estamos pasando por parámetro las operaciones que queremos realizar y\nluego ya calculator hace uso de el directamente, creo que más o menos se\nentiende.\n\nVeamos el siguiente punto.\n\nCurrificación y aplicación parcial\nA menudo estos conceptos se separan porque puramente hablando no son lo mismo,\npero hacen uso de la misma funcionalidad realmente lo que cambia es la manera de\naplicarla.\nPara hablar de esto (y aunque no quería meterme en tecnicismos) tengo que\nintroducir el concepto de aridad. La aridad de una función básicamente es la\ncantidad de parámetros que tiene un método:\n\nfunction calculator (number, operation) // <-- aridad 2\n\n\nBien viendo lo que es la aridad ahora veamos una funcionalidad muy util que\ntenemos con javascript, que viene de la mano de la de las funciones puras. Como\nhemos comentado ya, es posible que devolvamos funciones y las recibamos por\nparámetro ¿no?... pues en esto es en lo que se basa tanto la aplicación parcial\ncomo la currificación, veamos un ejemplo primero:\n\nfunction calculator (number) {\n  return function (operation) {\n    return operation(number)\n  }\n}\n\nconst plus2 = (number) => {\n  return number + 2\n}\n\nconst squared = (number) => {\n  return number**2\n}\n\nconst baseNumber = calculator(2)\n\nconsole.log(baseNumber) // function (operation) { return operation(number); }\n\nconst twoPlusTwo = baseNumber(plus2)\nconst twoSquared = baseNumber(squared)\n\nconsole.log(twoPlusTwo) // 4\nconsole.log(twoSquared) // 4\n\n\n\nLo importante ahora mismo es la función calculator, como vemos lo primero que\nhace la función es devolver otra función, si nos fijamos en el console.log de \nbaseNumber vemos como realmente es una función que espera una operación y\nsimplemente lo que tenemos es ya un número preparado para realizar la operación.\n\nVisto esto veamos lo que es aplicación parcial con un ejemplo\n\nconst createPlayer = (name, health) => (weapon) => {\n  return {\n    name,\n    health,\n    weapon\n  }\n}\n\nconst playerBase = createPlayer('DevNinja', 1000)\n\nconst availableWeapons = ['SuperGun', 'Katana', 'Smoke Grenade']\n\nconst playerWeapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n\nconst player1 = playerBase(playerWeapon)\n\nconsole.log(player1) // { name:\"DevNinja\", health:1000, weapon:\"Katana\" }\n\n\nVuelvo a comentar que esto es un poco forzado, pero nos vale para el concepto.\nSi nos fijamos ahora usamos arrow functions que son más comodas para hacer estas\ncosas.\nPues bien en este caso createPlayer lo primero recibe el nombre y el valor de\nsalud y se queda \"a la espera\" de que el sistema le aplique un arma al jugador,\nesto es lo que seria la aplicación parcial, podemos definirlo como una ejecución\nde una función por pasos, pero como vemos en este caso tenemos una aridad\ninicial de 2 y luego de 1, esta situación de aridad es la diferencia principal\nentre aplicación parcial y currificación. La currificación tendría siempre\naridad 1, es decir:\n\nconst createPlayer = (name) => (health) => (weapon) => {\n  return {\n    name,\n    health,\n    weapon\n  }\n}\n\nconst playerBase = createPlayer('DevNinja')\n\nconst playerHealh = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000)\nconst playerWithInitialHealh = playerBase(playerHealh)\n\nconst availableWeapons = ['SuperGun', 'Katana', 'Smoke Grenade']\nconst playerWeapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n\nconst player1 = playerWithInitialHealh(playerWeapon)\n\nconsole.log(player1) // { name:\"DevNinja\", health:428, weapon:\"Smoke Grenade\" }\n\n\nAhora tenemos que siempre trabajamos con una aridad de 1, lo que modulariza\nbastante el uso de nuestro método createPlayer, haciendo posible que hagamos\ncualquier operación entre cada paso de la función.\n\nBueno creo que más o menos se entienden estos conceptos, voy un poco rápido con\nesto porque existen multitud de ejemplos y explicaciones al respecto por\ninternet, si algo no esta claro recomiendo investigar un poco más, en esta serie\nnos detendremos un poco en conceptos más complejos como los functores y las\nmonadas que son algo más duros para entenderlos.\n\nNos vemos en el siguiente donde hablaremos de la Composición de funciones un\nabrazoooooo Ninjaaas","html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>Continuemos con nuestra serie de programación funcional, y en este caso seguiremos hablando de sus caracteristicas con Javascript.<br>\nEn el post anterior hablamos de <strong>Inmutabilidad</strong>, una característica donde no se mutaban o modificaban los objetos si no que creabamos otros con los cambios aplicados.</p>\n<p>Esto es básico por ejemplo para el caso de lo siguiente que queremos hablar que es <strong>Funciones puras</strong></p>\n<h2 id=\"funcionespuras\">Funciones puras</h2>\n<p>Las funciones puras son aquellas donde los cambios que queramos hacer solo se producen dentro del <em>scope</em> de la función (en su interior básicamente), en ningún caso modifican variables externas. Si tenemos una función que no devuelve nada, que usa <em>this</em> o que no tiene argumentos podemos empezar a sospechar que no es pura. OJO aunque digamos que debemos cumplir este punto en la programación funcional muchas veces no es posible por ejemplo en funciones de IO donde por ejemplo trabajamos con bases de datos, pero en general debemos poder cumplir con este principio.<br>\nVeamos un ejemplo del problema y como lo podemos solucionar, seguiremos la teoría del ejemplo anterior</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const oldNinjas = ['Ninja1', 'Ninja2']\nconst newNinja = 'Ninja3'\n\nconst addNinja = (actualNinjas, newNinja) =&gt; {\n  const ninjas = actualNinjas\n  ninjas.push(newNinja)\n  return ninjas\n}\n\nconst totalNinjas = addNinja(oldNinjas, newNinja)\n\nconsole.log(totalNinjas) // result &lt;--[&quot;Ninja1&quot;,&quot;Ninja2&quot;,&quot;Ninja3&quot;]\nconsole.log(oldNinjas) // result &lt;--[&quot;Ninja1&quot;,&quot;Ninja2&quot;,&quot;Ninja3&quot;]\n</code></pre>\n<p>Es un ejemplo muy forzado lo sé, pero creo que se puede captar el concepto, aunque le estemos enviando por parámetro los ninjas actuales al ser realmente una referencia modificamos el valor de <em>oldNinjas</em> queramos o no, en este caso vemos como nuestra función <strong>no es pura</strong>, tiene efectos colaterales que no deseamos. En este caso una posible solución podía ser esta:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const oldNinjas = ['Ninja1', 'Ninja2']\nconst newNinja = 'Ninja3'\n\nconst addNinja = (actualNinjas, newNinja) =&gt; {\n  return actualNinjas.concat(newNinja)\n}\n\nconst totalNinjas = addNinja(oldNinjas, newNinja)\n\nconsole.log(totalNinjas) // result &lt;--[&quot;Ninja1&quot;,&quot;Ninja2&quot;,&quot;Ninja3&quot;]\nconsole.log(oldNinjas) // result &lt;--[&quot;Ninja1&quot;,&quot;Ninja2&quot;]\n</code></pre>\n<p>Concat es un método de los arrays que realmente no modifica el objeto original, si no que devuelve uno nuevo, con esto cumpliriamos siempre con la funcionalidad en cuestión y no modificamos nada que realmente no queremos. Esta solo es una forma de cumplir con lo que estamos buscando sé que tenemos otras muchas opciones esto es solo a nivel de ejemplo.</p>\n<p>Vamos a por la siguiente</p>\n<h2 id=\"funcionesdeordensuperior\">Funciones de orden superior</h2>\n<p>Esto viene también de la mano de las <strong>funciones como ciudadanos de primera clase</strong>, es decir, las funciones se pueden tratar como cualquier otra variable u objeto del lenguaje y hacen uso de otras funciones.</p>\n<p>Estas características estamos usandolas habitualmente en javascript aunque puede que no seamos conscientes del todo, por ejemplo cuando hacemos usos de callbacks o trabajamos con promesas ya estamos haciendo uso de estas características. Veamos un ejemplo sencillo que hace uso de las 2 características</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">function calculator (number, operation) {\n  return operation (number)\n}\n\nconst plus2 = (number) =&gt; {\n  return number + 2\n}\n\nconst squared = (number) =&gt; {\n  return number**2\n}\n\nconst twoPlusTwo = calculator(2, plus2)\nconst threeSquared = calculator(3, squared)\n\nconsole.log(twoPlusTwo) // 4\nconsole.log(threeSquared) // 9\n</code></pre>\n<p>Como vemos estamos pasando por parámetro las operaciones que queremos realizar y luego ya <em>calculator</em> hace uso de el directamente, creo que más o menos se entiende.</p>\n<p>Veamos el siguiente punto.</p>\n<h2 id=\"currificacinyaplicacinparcial\">Currificación y aplicación parcial</h2>\n<p>A menudo estos conceptos se separan porque puramente hablando no son lo mismo, pero hacen uso de la misma funcionalidad realmente lo que cambia es la manera de aplicarla.<br>\nPara hablar de esto (y aunque no quería meterme en tecnicismos) tengo que introducir el concepto de <em>aridad</em>. La aridad de una función básicamente es la cantidad de parámetros que tiene un método:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">function calculator (number, operation) // &lt;-- aridad 2\n</code></pre>\n<p>Bien viendo lo que es la aridad ahora veamos una funcionalidad muy util que tenemos con javascript, que viene de la mano de la de las funciones puras. Como hemos comentado ya, es posible que devolvamos funciones y las recibamos por parámetro ¿no?... pues en esto es en lo que se basa tanto la aplicación parcial como la currificación, veamos un ejemplo primero:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">function calculator (number) {\n  return function (operation) {\n    return operation(number)\n  }\n}\n\nconst plus2 = (number) =&gt; {\n  return number + 2\n}\n\nconst squared = (number) =&gt; {\n  return number**2\n}\n\nconst baseNumber = calculator(2)\n\nconsole.log(baseNumber) // function (operation) { return operation(number); }\n\nconst twoPlusTwo = baseNumber(plus2)\nconst twoSquared = baseNumber(squared)\n\nconsole.log(twoPlusTwo) // 4\nconsole.log(twoSquared) // 4\n\n</code></pre>\n<p>Lo importante ahora mismo es la función <em>calculator</em>, como vemos lo primero que hace la función es devolver otra función, si nos fijamos en el console.log de <em>baseNumber</em> vemos como realmente es una función que espera una operación y simplemente lo que tenemos es ya un número preparado para realizar la operación.</p>\n<p>Visto esto veamos lo que es aplicación parcial con un ejemplo</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const createPlayer = (name, health) =&gt; (weapon) =&gt; {\n  return {\n    name,\n    health,\n    weapon\n  }\n}\n\nconst playerBase = createPlayer('DevNinja', 1000)\n\nconst availableWeapons = ['SuperGun', 'Katana', 'Smoke Grenade']\n\nconst playerWeapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n\nconst player1 = playerBase(playerWeapon)\n\nconsole.log(player1) // { name:&quot;DevNinja&quot;, health:1000, weapon:&quot;Katana&quot; }\n</code></pre>\n<p>Vuelvo a comentar que esto es un poco forzado, pero nos vale para el concepto. Si nos fijamos ahora usamos arrow functions que son más comodas para hacer estas cosas.<br>\nPues bien en este caso <em>createPlayer</em> lo primero recibe el nombre y el valor de salud y se queda &quot;a la espera&quot; de que el sistema le aplique un arma al jugador, esto es lo que seria la aplicación parcial, podemos definirlo como una ejecución de una función por pasos, pero como vemos en este caso tenemos una aridad inicial de 2 y luego de 1, esta situación de aridad es la diferencia principal entre aplicación parcial y currificación. La currificación tendría siempre aridad 1, es decir:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const createPlayer = (name) =&gt; (health) =&gt; (weapon) =&gt; {\n  return {\n    name,\n    health,\n    weapon\n  }\n}\n\nconst playerBase = createPlayer('DevNinja')\n\nconst playerHealh = Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000)\nconst playerWithInitialHealh = playerBase(playerHealh)\n\nconst availableWeapons = ['SuperGun', 'Katana', 'Smoke Grenade']\nconst playerWeapon = availableWeapons[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableWeapons.length)]\n\nconst player1 = playerWithInitialHealh(playerWeapon)\n\nconsole.log(player1) // { name:&quot;DevNinja&quot;, health:428, weapon:&quot;Smoke Grenade&quot; }\n</code></pre>\n<p>Ahora tenemos que siempre trabajamos con una aridad de 1, lo que modulariza bastante el uso de nuestro método <em>createPlayer</em>, haciendo posible que hagamos cualquier operación entre cada paso de la función.</p>\n<p>Bueno creo que más o menos se entienden estos conceptos, voy un poco rápido con esto porque existen multitud de ejemplos y explicaciones al respecto por internet, si algo no esta claro recomiendo investigar un poco más, en esta serie nos detendremos un poco en conceptos más complejos como los <em>functores y las monadas</em> que son algo más duros para entenderlos.</p>\n<p>Nos vemos en el siguiente donde hablaremos de la <strong>Composición de funciones</strong> un abrazoooooo Ninjaaas</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/javascript-funcional-ii/","canonical_url":null,"uuid":"50216406-174a-4591-ab2f-93174b039636","codeinjection_foot":null,"codeinjection_head":null,"codeinjection_styles":null,"comment_id":"5fa6a809a6c0f5058bff43b6","reading_time":4,"send_email_when_published":false,"email_subject":null,"childHtmlRehype":{"html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>Continuemos con nuestra serie de programación funcional, y en este caso seguiremos hablando de sus caracteristicas con Javascript.<br>\nEn el post anterior hablamos de <strong>Inmutabilidad</strong>, una característica donde no se mutaban o modificaban los objetos si no que creabamos otros con los cambios aplicados.</p>\n<p>Esto es básico por ejemplo para el caso de lo siguiente que queremos hablar que es <strong>Funciones puras</strong></p>\n<h2 id=\"funcionespuras\">Funciones puras</h2>\n<p>Las funciones puras son aquellas donde los cambios que queramos hacer solo se producen dentro del <em>scope</em> de la función (en su interior básicamente), en ningún caso modifican variables externas. Si tenemos una función que no devuelve nada, que usa <em>this</em> o que no tiene argumentos podemos empezar a sospechar que no es pura. OJO aunque digamos que debemos cumplir este punto en la programación funcional muchas veces no es posible por ejemplo en funciones de IO donde por ejemplo trabajamos con bases de datos, pero en general debemos poder cumplir con este principio.<br>\nVeamos un ejemplo del problema y como lo podemos solucionar, seguiremos la teoría del ejemplo anterior</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> oldNinjas <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'Ninja1'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'Ninja2'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> newNinja <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">'Ninja3'</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">addNinja</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">actualNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newNinja</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> ninjas <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> actualNinjas\n  ninjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">push</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>newNinja<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> ninjas\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> totalNinjas <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">addNinja</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>oldNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newNinja<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>totalNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// result &#x3C;--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]</span>\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>oldNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// result &#x3C;--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Es un ejemplo muy forzado lo sé, pero creo que se puede captar el concepto, aunque le estemos enviando por parámetro los ninjas actuales al ser realmente una referencia modificamos el valor de <em>oldNinjas</em> queramos o no, en este caso vemos como nuestra función <strong>no es pura</strong>, tiene efectos colaterales que no deseamos. En este caso una posible solución podía ser esta:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> oldNinjas <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'Ninja1'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'Ninja2'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> newNinja <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token string\">'Ninja3'</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">addNinja</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">actualNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newNinja</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> actualNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">concat</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>newNinja<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> totalNinjas <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">addNinja</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>oldNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> newNinja<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>totalNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// result &#x3C;--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]</span>\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>oldNinjas<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// result &#x3C;--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\"]</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Concat es un método de los arrays que realmente no modifica el objeto original, si no que devuelve uno nuevo, con esto cumpliriamos siempre con la funcionalidad en cuestión y no modificamos nada que realmente no queremos. Esta solo es una forma de cumplir con lo que estamos buscando sé que tenemos otras muchas opciones esto es solo a nivel de ejemplo.</p>\n<p>Vamos a por la siguiente</p>\n<h2 id=\"funcionesdeordensuperior\">Funciones de orden superior</h2>\n<p>Esto viene también de la mano de las <strong>funciones como ciudadanos de primera clase</strong>, es decir, las funciones se pueden tratar como cualquier otra variable u objeto del lenguaje y hacen uso de otras funciones.</p>\n<p>Estas características estamos usandolas habitualmente en javascript aunque puede que no seamos conscientes del todo, por ejemplo cuando hacemos usos de callbacks o trabajamos con promesas ya estamos haciendo uso de estas características. Veamos un ejemplo sencillo que hace uso de las 2 características</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">calculator</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">number<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> operation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token function\">operation</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>number<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">plus2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> number <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">squared</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> number<span class=\"token operator\">**</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> twoPlusTwo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">calculator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> plus2<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> threeSquared <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">calculator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> squared<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>twoPlusTwo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 4</span>\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>threeSquared<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 9</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Como vemos estamos pasando por parámetro las operaciones que queremos realizar y luego ya <em>calculator</em> hace uso de el directamente, creo que más o menos se entiende.</p>\n<p>Veamos el siguiente punto.</p>\n<h2 id=\"currificacinyaplicacinparcial\">Currificación y aplicación parcial</h2>\n<p>A menudo estos conceptos se separan porque puramente hablando no son lo mismo, pero hacen uso de la misma funcionalidad realmente lo que cambia es la manera de aplicarla.<br>\nPara hablar de esto (y aunque no quería meterme en tecnicismos) tengo que introducir el concepto de <em>aridad</em>. La aridad de una función básicamente es la cantidad de parámetros que tiene un método:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">calculator</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">number<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> operation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// &#x3C;-- aridad 2</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Bien viendo lo que es la aridad ahora veamos una funcionalidad muy util que tenemos con javascript, que viene de la mano de la de las funciones puras. Como hemos comentado ya, es posible que devolvamos funciones y las recibamos por parámetro ¿no?... pues en esto es en lo que se basa tanto la aplicación parcial como la currificación, veamos un ejemplo primero:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token function\">calculator</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token keyword\">function</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">operation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token function\">operation</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>number<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">plus2</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> number <span class=\"token operator\">+</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">squared</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> number<span class=\"token operator\">**</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> baseNumber <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">calculator</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token number\">2</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>baseNumber<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// function (operation) { return operation(number); }</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> twoPlusTwo <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">baseNumber</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>plus2<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> twoSquared <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">baseNumber</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>squared<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>twoPlusTwo<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 4</span>\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>twoSquared<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// 4</span>\n\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Lo importante ahora mismo es la función <em>calculator</em>, como vemos lo primero que hace la función es devolver otra función, si nos fijamos en el console.log de <em>baseNumber</em> vemos como realmente es una función que espera una operación y simplemente lo que tenemos es ya un número preparado para realizar la operación.</p>\n<p>Visto esto veamos lo que es aplicación parcial con un ejemplo</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">createPlayer</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> health</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">weapon</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n    health<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n    weapon\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> playerBase <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">createPlayer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'DevNinja'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> availableWeapons <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'SuperGun'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'Katana'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'Smoke Grenade'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> playerWeapon <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> player1 <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">playerBase</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>playerWeapon<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>player1<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// { name:\"DevNinja\", health:1000, weapon:\"Katana\" }</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Vuelvo a comentar que esto es un poco forzado, pero nos vale para el concepto. Si nos fijamos ahora usamos arrow functions que son más comodas para hacer estas cosas.<br>\nPues bien en este caso <em>createPlayer</em> lo primero recibe el nombre y el valor de salud y se queda \"a la espera\" de que el sistema le aplique un arma al jugador, esto es lo que seria la aplicación parcial, podemos definirlo como una ejecución de una función por pasos, pero como vemos en este caso tenemos una aridad inicial de 2 y luego de 1, esta situación de aridad es la diferencia principal entre aplicación parcial y currificación. La currificación tendría siempre aridad 1, es decir:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"javascript\"><pre class=\"language-javascript\"><code class=\"language-javascript\"><span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> <span class=\"token function-variable function\">createPlayer</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">health</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token parameter\">weapon</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">=></span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span>\n    name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n    health<span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span>\n    weapon\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> playerBase <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">createPlayer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token string\">'DevNinja'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> playerHealh <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> <span class=\"token number\">1000</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> playerWithInitialHealh <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">playerBase</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>playerHealh<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> availableWeapons <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span><span class=\"token string\">'SuperGun'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'Katana'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,</span> <span class=\"token string\">'Smoke Grenade'</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> playerWeapon <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">[</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">floor</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>Math<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">random</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token operator\">*</span> availableWeapons<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span>length<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]</span>\n\n<span class=\"token keyword\">const</span> player1 <span class=\"token operator\">=</span> <span class=\"token function\">playerWithInitialHealh</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>playerWeapon<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span>\n\nconsole<span class=\"token punctuation\">.</span><span class=\"token function\">log</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(</span>player1<span class=\"token punctuation\">)</span> <span class=\"token comment\">// { name:\"DevNinja\", health:428, weapon:\"Smoke Grenade\" }</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Ahora tenemos que siempre trabajamos con una aridad de 1, lo que modulariza bastante el uso de nuestro método <em>createPlayer</em>, haciendo posible que hagamos cualquier operación entre cada paso de la función.</p>\n<p>Bueno creo que más o menos se entienden estos conceptos, voy un poco rápido con esto porque existen multitud de ejemplos y explicaciones al respecto por internet, si algo no esta claro recomiendo investigar un poco más, en esta serie nos detendremos un poco en conceptos más complejos como los <em>functores y las monadas</em> que son algo más duros para entenderlos.</p>\n<p>Nos vemos en el siguiente donde hablaremos de la <strong>Composición de funciones</strong> un abrazoooooo Ninjaaas</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","htmlAst":{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-begin: markdown"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Continuemos con nuestra serie de programación funcional, y en este caso seguiremos hablando de sus caracteristicas con Javascript."},{"type":"element","tagName":"br","properties":{},"children":[]},{"type":"text","value":"\nEn el post anterior hablamos de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Inmutabilidad"}]},{"type":"text","value":", una característica donde no se mutaban o modificaban los objetos si no que creabamos otros con los cambios aplicados."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto es básico por ejemplo para el caso de lo siguiente que queremos hablar que es "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Funciones puras"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h2","properties":{"id":"funcionespuras"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Funciones puras"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Las funciones puras son aquellas donde los cambios que queramos hacer solo se producen dentro del "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"scope"}]},{"type":"text","value":" de la función (en su interior básicamente), en ningún caso modifican variables externas. Si tenemos una función que no devuelve nada, que usa "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"this"}]},{"type":"text","value":" o que no tiene argumentos podemos empezar a sospechar que no es pura. OJO aunque digamos que debemos cumplir este punto en la programación funcional muchas veces no es posible por ejemplo en funciones de IO donde por ejemplo trabajamos con bases de datos, pero en general debemos poder cumplir con este principio."},{"type":"element","tagName":"br","properties":{},"children":[]},{"type":"text","value":"\nVeamos un ejemplo del problema y como lo podemos solucionar, seguiremos la teoría del ejemplo anterior"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" oldNinjas "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja1'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja2'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" newNinja "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja3'"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"addNinja"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"actualNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" newNinja"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" ninjas "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" actualNinjas\n  ninjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"push"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"newNinja"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" ninjas\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" totalNinjas "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"addNinja"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"oldNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" newNinja"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"totalNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// result <--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"oldNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// result <--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Es un ejemplo muy forzado lo sé, pero creo que se puede captar el concepto, aunque le estemos enviando por parámetro los ninjas actuales al ser realmente una referencia modificamos el valor de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"oldNinjas"}]},{"type":"text","value":" queramos o no, en este caso vemos como nuestra función "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"no es pura"}]},{"type":"text","value":", tiene efectos colaterales que no deseamos. En este caso una posible solución podía ser esta:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" oldNinjas "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja1'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja2'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" newNinja "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Ninja3'"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"addNinja"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"actualNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" newNinja"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" actualNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"concat"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"newNinja"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" totalNinjas "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"addNinja"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"oldNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" newNinja"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"totalNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// result <--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\",\"Ninja3\"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"oldNinjas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// result <--[\"Ninja1\",\"Ninja2\"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Concat es un método de los arrays que realmente no modifica el objeto original, si no que devuelve uno nuevo, con esto cumpliriamos siempre con la funcionalidad en cuestión y no modificamos nada que realmente no queremos. Esta solo es una forma de cumplir con lo que estamos buscando sé que tenemos otras muchas opciones esto es solo a nivel de ejemplo."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Vamos a por la siguiente"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h2","properties":{"id":"funcionesdeordensuperior"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Funciones de orden superior"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto viene también de la mano de las "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"funciones como ciudadanos de primera clase"}]},{"type":"text","value":", es decir, las funciones se pueden tratar como cualquier otra variable u objeto del lenguaje y hacen uso de otras funciones."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Estas características estamos usandolas habitualmente en javascript aunque puede que no seamos conscientes del todo, por ejemplo cuando hacemos usos de callbacks o trabajamos con promesas ya estamos haciendo uso de estas características. Veamos un ejemplo sencillo que hace uso de las 2 características"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"function"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"calculator"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"number"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" operation"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"operation"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"number"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"plus2"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"number"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" number "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"+"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"squared"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"number"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" number"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"**"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" twoPlusTwo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"calculator"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" plus2"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" threeSquared "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"calculator"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"3"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" squared"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"twoPlusTwo"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// 4"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"threeSquared"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// 9"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como vemos estamos pasando por parámetro las operaciones que queremos realizar y luego ya "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"calculator"}]},{"type":"text","value":" hace uso de el directamente, creo que más o menos se entiende."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Veamos el siguiente punto."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h2","properties":{"id":"currificacinyaplicacinparcial"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Currificación y aplicación parcial"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"A menudo estos conceptos se separan porque puramente hablando no son lo mismo, pero hacen uso de la misma funcionalidad realmente lo que cambia es la manera de aplicarla."},{"type":"element","tagName":"br","properties":{},"children":[]},{"type":"text","value":"\nPara hablar de esto (y aunque no quería meterme en tecnicismos) tengo que introducir el concepto de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"aridad"}]},{"type":"text","value":". La aridad de una función básicamente es la cantidad de parámetros que tiene un método:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"function"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"calculator"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"number"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" operation"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// <-- aridad 2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Bien viendo lo que es la aridad ahora veamos una funcionalidad muy util que tenemos con javascript, que viene de la mano de la de las funciones puras. Como hemos comentado ya, es posible que devolvamos funciones y las recibamos por parámetro ¿no?... pues en esto es en lo que se basa tanto la aplicación parcial como la currificación, veamos un ejemplo primero:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"function"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"calculator"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"number"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"function"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"operation"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"operation"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"number"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"plus2"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"number"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" number "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"+"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"squared"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"number"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" number"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"**"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" baseNumber "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"calculator"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"baseNumber"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// function (operation) { return operation(number); }"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" twoPlusTwo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"baseNumber"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"plus2"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" twoSquared "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"baseNumber"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"squared"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"twoPlusTwo"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// 4"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"twoSquared"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// 4"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Lo importante ahora mismo es la función "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"calculator"}]},{"type":"text","value":", como vemos lo primero que hace la función es devolver otra función, si nos fijamos en el console.log de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"baseNumber"}]},{"type":"text","value":" vemos como realmente es una función que espera una operación y simplemente lo que tenemos es ya un número preparado para realizar la operación."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Visto esto veamos lo que es aplicación parcial con un ejemplo"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"createPlayer"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" health"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"weapon"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    name"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    health"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    weapon\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" playerBase "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"createPlayer"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'DevNinja'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1000"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'SuperGun'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Katana'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Smoke Grenade'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" playerWeapon "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"length"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player1 "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"playerBase"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"playerWeapon"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"player1"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// { name:\"DevNinja\", health:1000, weapon:\"Katana\" }"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Vuelvo a comentar que esto es un poco forzado, pero nos vale para el concepto. Si nos fijamos ahora usamos arrow functions que son más comodas para hacer estas cosas."},{"type":"element","tagName":"br","properties":{},"children":[]},{"type":"text","value":"\nPues bien en este caso "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"createPlayer"}]},{"type":"text","value":" lo primero recibe el nombre y el valor de salud y se queda \"a la espera\" de que el sistema le aplique un arma al jugador, esto es lo que seria la aplicación parcial, podemos definirlo como una ejecución de una función por pasos, pero como vemos en este caso tenemos una aridad inicial de 2 y luego de 1, esta situación de aridad es la diferencia principal entre aplicación parcial y currificación. La currificación tendría siempre aridad 1, es decir:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"javascript"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-javascript"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function-variable","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"createPlayer"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"health"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","parameter"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"weapon"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"=>"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"return"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    name"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    health"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    weapon\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" playerBase "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"createPlayer"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'DevNinja'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" playerHealh "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1000"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" playerWithInitialHealh "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"playerBase"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"playerHealh"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'SuperGun'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Katana'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":","}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","string"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"'Smoke Grenade'"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" playerWeapon "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"["}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"floor"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"Math"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"random"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"*"}]},{"type":"text","value":" availableWeapons"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"length"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"]"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","keyword"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"const"}]},{"type":"text","value":" player1 "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"playerWithInitialHealh"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"playerWeapon"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\nconsole"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"log"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"("}]},{"type":"text","value":"player1"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","comment"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"// { name:\"DevNinja\", health:428, weapon:\"Smoke Grenade\" }"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ahora tenemos que siempre trabajamos con una aridad de 1, lo que modulariza bastante el uso de nuestro método "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"createPlayer"}]},{"type":"text","value":", haciendo posible que hagamos cualquier operación entre cada paso de la función."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Bueno creo que más o menos se entienden estos conceptos, voy un poco rápido con esto porque existen multitud de ejemplos y explicaciones al respecto por internet, si algo no esta claro recomiendo investigar un poco más, en esta serie nos detendremos un poco en conceptos más complejos como los "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"functores y las monadas"}]},{"type":"text","value":" que son algo más duros para entenderlos."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Nos vemos en el siguiente donde hablaremos de la "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Composición de funciones"}]},{"type":"text","value":" un abrazoooooo Ninjaaas"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-end: markdown"}],"data":{"quirksMode":false}},"tableOfContents":[{"id":"funcionespuras","heading":"Funciones puras"},{"id":"funcionesdeordensuperior","heading":"Funciones de orden superior"},{"id":"currificacinyaplicacinparcial","heading":"Currificación y aplicación parcial"}]},"featureImageSharp":{"base":"Capture-5-1.jpeg","publicURL":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/Capture-5-1.jpeg","imageMeta":{"width":628,"height":263},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":2.3972602739726026,"src":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/fc145/Capture-5-1.jpg","srcSet":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/477ba/Capture-5-1.jpg 175w,\n/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/06776/Capture-5-1.jpg 350w,\n/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/fc145/Capture-5-1.jpg 628w","srcWebp":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/09ccc/Capture-5-1.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/9fca7/Capture-5-1.webp 175w,\n/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/37a4e/Capture-5-1.webp 350w,\n/static/28e76839a7fb382fbbe244b857f2980c/09ccc/Capture-5-1.webp 628w","sizes":"(max-width: 628px) 100vw, 628px"}}}},"allGhostPost":{"edges":[{"node":{"id":"Ghost__Post__600ac23ff73ef66cb4cf74dc","title":"Docker XIV - Kubernetes IX: Trabajando en Cloud","slug":"docker-xiii-kubernetes-viii-pensando-en-un-entorno-con-microservicios-usando-ingress-2","featured":false,"feature_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.jpg","excerpt":"Bien hasta ahora hemos estado haciendo todo en nuestro entorno local de pruebas,\nveamos como podemos trabajar con un entorno en cloud desde nuestro terminal con\nkubectl\n\nKubectl es una herramienta de linea de comandos para trabajar con cualquier tipo\nde cluster de kubernetes, en nuestro caso nos hemos creado un minientorno de\npruebas usando minikube. Al hacer la instalación de minikube y kubectl\nautomáticamente se configura para que estemos usando ese entorno por defecto (el\nde minikube) pero no","custom_excerpt":null,"visibility":"public","created_at_pretty":"22 Jan 2021","published_at_pretty":"15 Feb 2021","updated_at_pretty":"15 Feb 2021","created_at":"2021-01-22T13:17:03.000+01:00","published_at":"2021-02-15T10:30:00.000+01:00","updated_at":"2021-02-15T10:30:00.000+01:00","meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"og_description":null,"og_image":null,"og_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"twitter_image":null,"twitter_title":null,"authors":[{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":null}],"primary_author":{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":{"base":"Perfil.jpg","publicURL":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/Perfil.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":307,"height":307},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1,"src":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg","srcSet":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f340b/Perfil.jpg 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/22d64/Perfil.jpg 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/aa249/Perfil.jpg 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/0dc33/Perfil.jpg 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/60667/Perfil.jpg 307w","srcWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/59cda/Perfil.webp 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/7da75/Perfil.webp 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f282e/Perfil.webp 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/a7b21/Perfil.webp 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f59af/Perfil.webp 307w","sizes":"(max-width: 110px) 100vw, 110px"}}}},"primary_tag":{"slug":"docker","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/docker/","name":"Docker","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Docker Issues","meta_description":"Veremos algunos de los problemas que me he ido encontrando trabajando con contenedores y que no es tan fácil encontrar la solución en internet.","featureImageSharp":null},"tags":[{"slug":"docker","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/docker/","name":"Docker","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Docker Issues","meta_description":"Veremos algunos de los problemas que me he ido encontrando trabajando con contenedores y que no es tan fácil encontrar la solución en internet.","featureImageSharp":null},{"slug":"kubernetes","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/kubernetes/","name":"kubernetes","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null},{"slug":"cloud","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/cloud/","name":"cloud","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Cloud Ninjas","meta_description":"Veremos temas relacionados con los tres sistemas cloud más usados: Azure, AWS y Firebase.","featureImageSharp":null}],"plaintext":"Bien hasta ahora hemos estado haciendo todo en nuestro entorno local de pruebas,\nveamos como podemos trabajar con un entorno en cloud desde nuestro terminal con\nkubectl\n\nKubectl es una herramienta de linea de comandos para trabajar con cualquier tipo\nde cluster de kubernetes, en nuestro caso nos hemos creado un minientorno de\npruebas usando minikube. Al hacer la instalación de minikube y kubectl\nautomáticamente se configura para que estemos usando ese entorno por defecto (el\nde minikube) pero nosotros podemos cambiarlo en cualquier comento.\n\nPara ver la configuración que tenemos actualmente podemos ejecutar el comando\n\nkubectl config view\n\nEsto nos debe mostrar algo similar a\n\nEn esta configuración tenemos 4 cosas importantes:\n\n * clusters: Información de todos los cluster que tenemos configurados, con su\n   certificado, su dirección o hostname  y el propio nombre que le hemos dado al\n   cluster en cuestión\n * contexts: Todos los contextos que tenemos configurados. Esto puede parecer\n   redundante, pero no es así, realmente nosotros trabajamos a través de los\n   contextos y estos apuntan a un cluster en específico. Esto es así porque\n   podemos tener distintos usuarios de acceso según el contexto y podemos querer\n   configurar un namespace diferente del de por defecto (namespace es solo una\n   separación lógica de objetos dentro de kubernetes)\n * current-context: El contexto seleccionado actualmente\n * users: Usuarios con sus nombres y sus métodos de acceso.\n\nEstos serían los puntos relevantes que tenemos que tener en  cuenta a la hora de\nintentar conectarnos a otro cluster. \n\nComo tal kubectl nos provee de los comandos necesarios para cambiar el contexto,\nver el contexto actual, configurar nuevo cluster, cualquier cosa que necesitemos\nrealmente. Por ejemplo:\n\nkubectl config current-context\n\nPara ver el contexto actualEstos serían todos los comandos bajo config\n\nVisto más o menos que nos ofrece kubectl para seleccionar una configuración u\notra veamos como hacer despliegue de kubernetes en Google\n\nHacia Google Cloud\nGoogle cloud es el servicio cloud que mejor funciona con kubernetes (nació allí\npor lo que tiene sentido no?). En este sentido es el servicio con el que más\nrápido podremos configurar nuestro cluster de kubernetes, vamos a por ello:\n\nPrimero sería darnos de alta en google cloud, si no tenéis cuenta sería el\nmomento de hacerlo. Una vez que tengamos nuestra cuenta lo que debemos hacer es\ninstalar la linea de comandos de google (gcloud). Buscar en internet como\nrealizar esta instalación en el caso de que no uséis brew para instalar\npaquetes, si lo tenéis solo es necesario hacer \n\nbrew install google-cloud-sdk\n\nPara empezar, lo primero que tenemos que hacer una vez instalado es iniciar la\nconfiguración de nuestro servicio:\n\ngcloud init\n\nCon este estableceremos una configuración nueva o seleccionaremos una existente\nsi ya la tenemos, aquí cada uno puede configurar lo que quiera y como quiera.\nComo tal yo tengo un proyecto creado que es: kuber-project-example\n\nSi en algún caso os falla cualquier comando, puede ser por la versión que ha\ninstalada brew del SDK, seguir estos pasos:\n\n * Cambiar versión de python de la console\n\nexport CLOUDSDK_PYTHON=python2\n\n * Actualizar los componentes\n\ngcloud components update\n\nCon esto ya os funcionaria todo (o debería). Continuemos:\n\nAhora lo que haremos será seleccionar ese proyecto como base para el resto de\ncomandos\n\ngcloud config set project kuber-project-example\n\nY también es necesaria tener una región de computo configurada\n\ngcloud config set compute/zone us-west1-a\n\nEn este punto puede que os pida seleccionar una cuenta de facturación (por si te\nvuelves loco creando cosas jajajajaja). Esto lo más fácil es irse a la consola\nde google, irse al menú de facturación y seleccionar una de las cuentas (o\ncrearla)\n\nUna vez seleccionada una cuenta en la consola de google, volvemos a ejecutar el\ncomando, nos pedirá habilitar la API de \"compute.googleapis.com\", la\nhabilitamos(tardará un poco) y ya nos confirmará que la configuración se ha\nactualizado o añadido\n\nA continuación creamos nuestro cluster de kubernetes que también puede que nos\nde error porque necesitamos habilitar el servicio de contenedores en nuestro\nproyecto\n\ngcloud container clusters create ninja-cluster --num-nodes=1\n\nPor lo que si nos aparece este error habilitaremos ese servicio también\n\ngcloud services enable container.googleapis.com\n\nY ya si todo va bien y no nos pide nada más ejecutamos de nuevo \n\ngcloud container clusters create ninja-cluster --num-nodes=1\n\nY ya cuando termine el proceso nos confirmará los datos pertinentes según lo que\nhayamos solicitado\n\nAhora lo siguiente es configurar nuestro kubectl local para que apunte a este\ncluster.... que lo podíamos hacer a mano, pero en esta caso google nos provee de\nun comando mágico que nos añade la configuración a la kube config\n\ngcloud container clusters get-credentials ninja-cluster\n\nBásicamente es solicitarle las credenciales sobre un cluster en específico y\nlisto\n\nVeamos la config\n\nkubectl config view\n\nComo vemos ahora tenemos otro cluster, otro contexto y otro usuario y si nos\nfijamos en nuestro current-context ya no estamos en minikube si no en el de\ngoogle\n\nVeamos que tenemos ahora con nuestro comando para ver los nodos\n\nkubectl get nodes\n\nAhora tenemos nuestro nodo de cluster de kubernetes que le hemos indicado que\ncree. Probemos ahora a crear un deploy, usaremos el de ejemplo de kubernetes que\nes una imagen básica de google\n\nkubectl create deployment web --image=gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0\n\nY comprobemos que nos ha creado\n\nComo tal podemos ejecutar en este caso todos los comandos que hemos ido viendo\nhasta ahora. Añadamos un service para poder acceder a nuestro deploy, en este\ncaso vamos a añadir un service de tipo LoadBalancer (por fin jejejejje) que esto\nlo que hará será que google cloud nos creará un balanceador de carga y\naccederemos a nuestro pod desde él.\n\nUna vez que tengamos ip externa\n\nYa deberíamos poder acceder a nuestro pod, ojo en este caso tenemos que acceder\npor IP y al puerto 8080  (si habéis usado mi ejemplo porque el puerto del\ncomando ha sido el 8080)\n\nEn este caso podemos comprobar como de facil es trabajar con kubernetes en\ngoogle cloud y la configuración no es complicada. Si queremos ver que realmente\nno es mentira podemos irnos a la consola de kubernetes y ver que es lo que\ntenemos creado\n\nY ya para aseguraros de que no miento podemos ver que nos ha creado también un\nbalanceador de carga apuntando a nuestro cluster\n\nLista de balanceadores de cargaDetalles del balanceador de cargaCreo que queda\nmás o menos claro como trabajar con la cloud de google y kubernetes, que es\nrealmente sencillo. Con esto ya podríamos crear infraestructuras tan complejas\ncomo quisiéramos que con unos cuantos comandos ya se encarga google de hacerte\nla magia.\n\nY hasta aquí la parte de google cloud (NO SE OS OLVIDE BORRAR LAS COSAS DE\nGOOGLEEEEEE CLOUUUUD JEJEJJEJEJE)\n\nAWS\nPara hacerlo en aws...... pues realmente es más fácil que lo veáis directamente\nde la documentación porque es realmente igual de trivial, lo único que nos\nofrece 2 opciones:\n\n 1. Usar eksctl: Es una herramienta de línea de comandos específica de Amazon\n    EKS (servicio de kubernetes de AWS) que es bastante fácil de usar y a su vez\n    nos da la opción de crear nuestro cluster con Fargate o no. Ver esta opción\n    [https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started-eksctl.html]\n 2. Usar el CLI de AWS y la consola de administración: Aquí se hace uso de \n    CloudFormation otro servicio interesante de AWS que nos facilita la\n    orquestación de algunas cosas, esta opción es algo más manual porque es\n    necesario manejar algunos permisos de IAM y cosas así pero se ve algo más de\n    que es lo que estamos montando. Ver esta opción\n    [https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started-console.html]\n\nAmbas opciones realmente son sencillas y para probar son más que suficientes,\nrecomiendo que intentar cualquiera de ellas y ver que es realmente lo que se\nmonta en la consola de AWS (BORRARLOOOOOO que al final cobran por tener el\nespacio en uso indefinidamente tras el año gratuito)\n\nBueno y hasta aquí lo que veremos de Docker y Kubernetes por el momento, han\nsido un montón de posts al respecto espero que os hayan parecido interesantes,\nse que nos faltaría ver como ser haría con Azure pero realmente es una\nplataforma que no me gusta mucho (es personal ojo no digo que sea mala ni nada\npor el estilo) por lo que no lo veremos aquí ni lo comentare, seguro que existe\nmuy buena documentación al respecto para quien esté interesado.\n\nClausuro esta serie de posts pero no descarto en ningún momento plantear más\ncosas sobre kubernetes y docker en un futuro cercano, sin mucho más que deciros\nNOS VEMOS EN EL SIGUIENTEEEEEEE un abraazoooooooo","html":"<p>Bien hasta ahora hemos estado haciendo todo en nuestro entorno local de pruebas, veamos como podemos trabajar con un entorno en cloud desde nuestro terminal con kubectl</p><p>Kubectl es una herramienta de linea de comandos para trabajar con cualquier tipo de cluster de kubernetes, en nuestro caso nos hemos creado un minientorno de pruebas usando <em>minikube.</em> Al hacer la instalación de minikube y kubectl automáticamente se configura para que estemos usando ese entorno por defecto (el de minikube) pero nosotros podemos cambiarlo en cualquier comento.</p><p>Para ver la configuración que tenemos actualmente podemos ejecutar el comando</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl config view</code></pre><p>Esto nos debe mostrar algo similar a</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image.png 723w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>En esta configuración tenemos 4 cosas importantes:</p><ul><li><strong>clusters</strong>: Información de todos los cluster que tenemos configurados, con su certificado, su dirección o hostname  y el propio nombre que le hemos dado al cluster en cuestión</li><li><strong>contexts</strong>: Todos los contextos que tenemos configurados. Esto puede parecer redundante, pero no es así, realmente nosotros trabajamos a través de los contextos y estos apuntan a un cluster en específico. Esto es así porque podemos tener distintos usuarios de acceso según el contexto y podemos querer configurar un <em>namespace</em> diferente del de por defecto (namespace es solo una separación lógica de objetos dentro de kubernetes)</li><li><strong>current-context</strong>: El contexto seleccionado actualmente</li><li><strong>users</strong>: Usuarios con sus nombres y sus métodos de acceso.</li></ul><p>Estos serían los puntos relevantes que tenemos que tener en  cuenta a la hora de intentar conectarnos a otro cluster. </p><p>Como tal <em>kubectl nos provee de los comandos necesarios para cambiar el contexto, ver el contexto actual, configurar nuevo cluster, cualquier cosa que necesitemos realmente. Por ejemplo:</em></p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-code-card\"><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl config current-context</code></pre><figcaption>Para ver el contexto actual</figcaption></figure><p>Estos serían todos los comandos bajo <strong>config</strong></p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-1.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-1.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-1.png 773w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Visto más o menos que nos ofrece kubectl para seleccionar una configuración u otra veamos como hacer despliegue de kubernetes en Google</p><h2 id=\"hacia-google-cloud\">Hacia Google Cloud</h2><p>Google cloud es el servicio cloud que mejor funciona con kubernetes (nació allí por lo que tiene sentido no?). En este sentido es el servicio con el que más rápido podremos configurar nuestro cluster de kubernetes, vamos a por ello:</p><p>Primero sería darnos de alta en google cloud, si no tenéis cuenta sería el momento de hacerlo. Una vez que tengamos nuestra cuenta lo que debemos hacer es instalar la linea de comandos de google (gcloud). Buscar en internet como realizar esta instalación en el caso de que no uséis <em>brew</em> para instalar paquetes, si lo tenéis solo es necesario hacer </p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">brew install google-cloud-sdk</code></pre><p>Para empezar, lo primero que tenemos que hacer una vez instalado es iniciar la configuración de nuestro servicio:</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud init</code></pre><p>Con este estableceremos una configuración nueva o seleccionaremos una existente si ya la tenemos, aquí cada uno puede configurar lo que quiera y como quiera. Como tal yo tengo un proyecto creado que es: <strong>kuber-project-example</strong></p><p>Si en algún caso os falla cualquier comando, puede ser por la versión que ha instalada brew del SDK, seguir estos pasos:</p><ul><li>Cambiar versión de python de la console</li></ul><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">export CLOUDSDK_PYTHON=python2</code></pre><ul><li>Actualizar los componentes</li></ul><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud components update</code></pre><p>Con esto ya os funcionaria todo (o debería). Continuemos:</p><p>Ahora lo que haremos será seleccionar ese proyecto como base para el resto de comandos</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud config set project kuber-project-example</code></pre><p>Y también es necesaria tener una región de computo configurada</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud config set compute/zone us-west1-a</code></pre><p>En este punto puede que os pida seleccionar una cuenta de facturación (por si te vuelves loco creando cosas jajajajaja). Esto lo más fácil es irse a la consola de google, irse al menú de facturación y seleccionar una de las cuentas (o crearla)</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-2.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-2.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-2.png 765w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Una vez seleccionada una cuenta en la consola de google, volvemos a ejecutar el comando, nos pedirá habilitar la API de \"compute.googleapis.com\", la habilitamos(tardará un poco) y ya nos confirmará que la configuración se ha actualizado o añadido</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-3.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-3.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-3.png 926w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>A continuación creamos nuestro cluster de kubernetes que también puede que nos de error porque necesitamos habilitar el servicio de contenedores en nuestro proyecto</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud container clusters create ninja-cluster --num-nodes=1</code></pre><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-4.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-4.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w1000/2021/01/image-4.png 1000w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-4.png 1158w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Por lo que si nos aparece este error habilitaremos ese servicio también</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud services enable container.googleapis.com</code></pre><p>Y ya si todo va bien y no nos pide nada más ejecutamos de nuevo </p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud container clusters create ninja-cluster --num-nodes=1</code></pre><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-5.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-5.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-5.png 811w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Y ya cuando termine el proceso nos confirmará los datos pertinentes según lo que hayamos solicitado</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-6.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-6.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w1000/2021/01/image-6.png 1000w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-6.png 1015w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Ahora lo siguiente es configurar nuestro kubectl local para que apunte a este cluster.... que lo podíamos hacer a mano, pero en esta caso google nos provee de un comando mágico que nos añade la configuración a la kube config</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud container clusters get-credentials ninja-cluster</code></pre><p>Básicamente es solicitarle las credenciales sobre un cluster en específico y listo</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-7.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt></figure><p>Veamos la config</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl config view</code></pre><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-8.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-8.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-8.png 627w\"></figure><p>Como vemos ahora tenemos otro cluster, otro contexto y otro usuario y si nos fijamos en nuestro <strong>current-context </strong>ya no estamos en minikube si no en el de google</p><p>Veamos que tenemos ahora con nuestro comando para ver los nodos</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl get nodes</code></pre><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-9.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-9.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-9.png 829w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Ahora tenemos nuestro nodo de cluster de kubernetes que le hemos indicado que cree. Probemos ahora a crear un deploy, usaremos el de ejemplo de kubernetes que es una imagen básica de google</p><pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create deployment web --image=gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0</code></pre><p>Y comprobemos que nos ha creado</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-10.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt></figure><p>Como tal podemos ejecutar en este caso todos los comandos que hemos ido viendo hasta ahora. Añadamos un service para poder acceder a nuestro deploy, en este caso vamos a añadir un <strong>service de tipo LoadBalancer</strong> (por fin jejejejje) que esto lo que hará será que google cloud nos creará un balanceador de carga y accederemos a nuestro pod desde él.</p><p>Una vez que tengamos ip externa</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-11.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-11.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-11.png 700w\"></figure><p>Ya deberíamos poder acceder a nuestro pod, ojo en este caso tenemos que acceder por IP y al puerto 8080  (si habéis usado mi ejemplo porque el puerto del comando ha sido el 8080)</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-12.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-12.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-12.png 606w\"></figure><p>En este caso podemos comprobar como de facil es trabajar con kubernetes en google cloud y la configuración no es complicada. Si queremos ver que realmente no es mentira podemos irnos a la consola de kubernetes y ver que es lo que tenemos creado</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png 684w\"></figure><p>Y ya para aseguraros de que no miento podemos ver que nos ha creado también un balanceador de carga apuntando a nuestro cluster</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png 993w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"><figcaption>Lista de balanceadores de carga</figcaption></figure><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png 778w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"><figcaption>Detalles del balanceador de carga</figcaption></figure><p>Creo que queda más o menos claro como trabajar con la cloud de google y kubernetes, que es realmente sencillo. Con esto ya podríamos crear infraestructuras tan complejas como quisiéramos que con unos cuantos comandos ya se encarga google de hacerte la magia.</p><p>Y hasta aquí la parte de google cloud<strong> (NO SE OS OLVIDE BORRAR LAS COSAS DE GOOGLEEEEEE CLOUUUUD JEJEJJEJEJE)</strong></p><h2 id=\"aws\">AWS</h2><p>Para hacerlo en aws...... pues realmente es más fácil que lo veáis directamente de la documentación porque es realmente igual de trivial, lo único que nos ofrece 2 opciones:</p><ol><li><strong>Usar eksctl: </strong>Es una herramienta de línea de comandos específica de <strong>Amazon EKS </strong>(servicio de kubernetes de AWS) que es bastante fácil de usar y a su vez nos da la opción de crear nuestro cluster con <strong>Fargate</strong> o no. <a href=\"https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started-eksctl.html\">Ver esta opción</a></li><li><strong>Usar el CLI de AWS y la consola de administración: </strong>Aquí se hace uso de <strong>CloudFormation</strong> otro servicio interesante de AWS que nos facilita la orquestación de algunas cosas, esta opción es algo más manual porque es necesario manejar algunos permisos de IAM y cosas así pero se ve algo más de que es lo que estamos montando. <a href=\"https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started-console.html\">Ver esta opción</a></li></ol><p>Ambas opciones realmente son sencillas y para probar son más que suficientes, recomiendo que intentar cualquiera de ellas y ver que es realmente lo que se monta en la consola de AWS <strong>(BORRARLOOOOOO que al final cobran por tener el espacio en uso indefinidamente tras el año gratuito)</strong></p><p>Bueno y hasta aquí lo que veremos de Docker y Kubernetes por el momento, han sido un montón de posts al respecto espero que os hayan parecido interesantes, se que nos faltaría ver como ser haría con Azure pero realmente es una plataforma que no me gusta mucho (es personal ojo no digo que sea mala ni nada por el estilo) por lo que no lo veremos aquí ni lo comentare, seguro que existe muy buena documentación al respecto para quien esté interesado.</p><p>Clausuro esta serie de posts pero no descarto en ningún momento plantear más cosas sobre kubernetes y docker en un futuro cercano, sin mucho más que deciros NOS VEMOS EN EL SIGUIENTEEEEEEE un abraazoooooooo</p>","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/docker-xiii-kubernetes-viii-pensando-en-un-entorno-con-microservicios-usando-ingress-2/","canonical_url":null,"uuid":"a4c45341-2549-49c8-b416-d4448f1ee6f0","codeinjection_foot":null,"codeinjection_head":null,"codeinjection_styles":null,"comment_id":"600ac23ff73ef66cb4cf74dc","reading_time":7,"send_email_when_published":false,"email_subject":null,"childHtmlRehype":{"html":"<p>Bien hasta ahora hemos estado haciendo todo en nuestro entorno local de pruebas, veamos como podemos trabajar con un entorno en cloud desde nuestro terminal con kubectl</p><p>Kubectl es una herramienta de linea de comandos para trabajar con cualquier tipo de cluster de kubernetes, en nuestro caso nos hemos creado un minientorno de pruebas usando <em>minikube.</em> Al hacer la instalación de minikube y kubectl automáticamente se configura para que estemos usando ese entorno por defecto (el de minikube) pero nosotros podemos cambiarlo en cualquier comento.</p><p>Para ver la configuración que tenemos actualmente podemos ejecutar el comando</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl config view</code></pre></div><p>Esto nos debe mostrar algo similar a</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image.png 723w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>En esta configuración tenemos 4 cosas importantes:</p><ul><li><strong>clusters</strong>: Información de todos los cluster que tenemos configurados, con su certificado, su dirección o hostname  y el propio nombre que le hemos dado al cluster en cuestión</li><li><strong>contexts</strong>: Todos los contextos que tenemos configurados. Esto puede parecer redundante, pero no es así, realmente nosotros trabajamos a través de los contextos y estos apuntan a un cluster en específico. Esto es así porque podemos tener distintos usuarios de acceso según el contexto y podemos querer configurar un <em>namespace</em> diferente del de por defecto (namespace es solo una separación lógica de objetos dentro de kubernetes)</li><li><strong>current-context</strong>: El contexto seleccionado actualmente</li><li><strong>users</strong>: Usuarios con sus nombres y sus métodos de acceso.</li></ul><p>Estos serían los puntos relevantes que tenemos que tener en  cuenta a la hora de intentar conectarnos a otro cluster. </p><p>Como tal <em>kubectl nos provee de los comandos necesarios para cambiar el contexto, ver el contexto actual, configurar nuevo cluster, cualquier cosa que necesitemos realmente. Por ejemplo:</em></p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-code-card\"><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl config current-context</code></pre></div><figcaption>Para ver el contexto actual</figcaption></figure><p>Estos serían todos los comandos bajo <strong>config</strong></p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-1.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-1.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-1.png 773w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Visto más o menos que nos ofrece kubectl para seleccionar una configuración u otra veamos como hacer despliegue de kubernetes en Google</p><h2 id=\"hacia-google-cloud\">Hacia Google Cloud</h2><p>Google cloud es el servicio cloud que mejor funciona con kubernetes (nació allí por lo que tiene sentido no?). En este sentido es el servicio con el que más rápido podremos configurar nuestro cluster de kubernetes, vamos a por ello:</p><p>Primero sería darnos de alta en google cloud, si no tenéis cuenta sería el momento de hacerlo. Una vez que tengamos nuestra cuenta lo que debemos hacer es instalar la linea de comandos de google (gcloud). Buscar en internet como realizar esta instalación en el caso de que no uséis <em>brew</em> para instalar paquetes, si lo tenéis solo es necesario hacer </p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">brew <span class=\"token function\">install</span> google-cloud-sdk</code></pre></div><p>Para empezar, lo primero que tenemos que hacer una vez instalado es iniciar la configuración de nuestro servicio:</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud init</code></pre></div><p>Con este estableceremos una configuración nueva o seleccionaremos una existente si ya la tenemos, aquí cada uno puede configurar lo que quiera y como quiera. Como tal yo tengo un proyecto creado que es: <strong>kuber-project-example</strong></p><p>Si en algún caso os falla cualquier comando, puede ser por la versión que ha instalada brew del SDK, seguir estos pasos:</p><ul><li>Cambiar versión de python de la console</li></ul><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\"><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">export</span> <span class=\"token assign-left variable\">CLOUDSDK_PYTHON</span><span class=\"token operator\">=</span>python2</code></pre></div><ul><li>Actualizar los componentes</li></ul><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud components update</code></pre></div><p>Con esto ya os funcionaria todo (o debería). Continuemos:</p><p>Ahora lo que haremos será seleccionar ese proyecto como base para el resto de comandos</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud config <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">set</span> project kuber-project-example</code></pre></div><p>Y también es necesaria tener una región de computo configurada</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud config <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">set</span> compute/zone us-west1-a</code></pre></div><p>En este punto puede que os pida seleccionar una cuenta de facturación (por si te vuelves loco creando cosas jajajajaja). Esto lo más fácil es irse a la consola de google, irse al menú de facturación y seleccionar una de las cuentas (o crearla)</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-2.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-2.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-2.png 765w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Una vez seleccionada una cuenta en la consola de google, volvemos a ejecutar el comando, nos pedirá habilitar la API de \"compute.googleapis.com\", la habilitamos(tardará un poco) y ya nos confirmará que la configuración se ha actualizado o añadido</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-3.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-3.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-3.png 926w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>A continuación creamos nuestro cluster de kubernetes que también puede que nos de error porque necesitamos habilitar el servicio de contenedores en nuestro proyecto</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud container clusters create ninja-cluster --num-nodes<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span></code></pre></div><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-4.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-4.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w1000/2021/01/image-4.png 1000w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-4.png 1158w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Por lo que si nos aparece este error habilitaremos ese servicio también</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud services <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">enable</span> container.googleapis.com</code></pre></div><p>Y ya si todo va bien y no nos pide nada más ejecutamos de nuevo </p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud container clusters create ninja-cluster --num-nodes<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span></code></pre></div><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-5.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-5.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-5.png 811w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Y ya cuando termine el proceso nos confirmará los datos pertinentes según lo que hayamos solicitado</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-6.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-6.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w1000/2021/01/image-6.png 1000w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-6.png 1015w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Ahora lo siguiente es configurar nuestro kubectl local para que apunte a este cluster.... que lo podíamos hacer a mano, pero en esta caso google nos provee de un comando mágico que nos añade la configuración a la kube config</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">gcloud container clusters get-credentials ninja-cluster</code></pre></div><p>Básicamente es solicitarle las credenciales sobre un cluster en específico y listo</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-7.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\"></figure><p>Veamos la config</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl config view</code></pre></div><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-8.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-8.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-8.png 627w\"></figure><p>Como vemos ahora tenemos otro cluster, otro contexto y otro usuario y si nos fijamos en nuestro <strong>current-context </strong>ya no estamos en minikube si no en el de google</p><p>Veamos que tenemos ahora con nuestro comando para ver los nodos</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl get nodes</code></pre></div><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-9.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-9.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-9.png 829w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"></figure><p>Ahora tenemos nuestro nodo de cluster de kubernetes que le hemos indicado que cree. Probemos ahora a crear un deploy, usaremos el de ejemplo de kubernetes que es una imagen básica de google</p><div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create deployment web --image<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0</code></pre></div><p>Y comprobemos que nos ha creado</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-10.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\"></figure><p>Como tal podemos ejecutar en este caso todos los comandos que hemos ido viendo hasta ahora. Añadamos un service para poder acceder a nuestro deploy, en este caso vamos a añadir un <strong>service de tipo LoadBalancer</strong> (por fin jejejejje) que esto lo que hará será que google cloud nos creará un balanceador de carga y accederemos a nuestro pod desde él.</p><p>Una vez que tengamos ip externa</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-11.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-11.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-11.png 700w\"></figure><p>Ya deberíamos poder acceder a nuestro pod, ojo en este caso tenemos que acceder por IP y al puerto 8080  (si habéis usado mi ejemplo porque el puerto del comando ha sido el 8080)</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-12.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-12.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-12.png 606w\"></figure><p>En este caso podemos comprobar como de facil es trabajar con kubernetes en google cloud y la configuración no es complicada. Si queremos ver que realmente no es mentira podemos irnos a la consola de kubernetes y ver que es lo que tenemos creado</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png 684w\"></figure><p>Y ya para aseguraros de que no miento podemos ver que nos ha creado también un balanceador de carga apuntando a nuestro cluster</p><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png 993w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"><figcaption>Lista de balanceadores de carga</figcaption></figure><figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card kg-card-hascaption\"><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png\" class=\"kg-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png 600w, https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png 778w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 720px) 720px\"><figcaption>Detalles del balanceador de carga</figcaption></figure><p>Creo que queda más o menos claro como trabajar con la cloud de google y kubernetes, que es realmente sencillo. Con esto ya podríamos crear infraestructuras tan complejas como quisiéramos que con unos cuantos comandos ya se encarga google de hacerte la magia.</p><p>Y hasta aquí la parte de google cloud<strong> (NO SE OS OLVIDE BORRAR LAS COSAS DE GOOGLEEEEEE CLOUUUUD JEJEJJEJEJE)</strong></p><h2 id=\"aws\">AWS</h2><p>Para hacerlo en aws...... pues realmente es más fácil que lo veáis directamente de la documentación porque es realmente igual de trivial, lo único que nos ofrece 2 opciones:</p><ol><li><strong>Usar eksctl: </strong>Es una herramienta de línea de comandos específica de <strong>Amazon EKS </strong>(servicio de kubernetes de AWS) que es bastante fácil de usar y a su vez nos da la opción de crear nuestro cluster con <strong>Fargate</strong> o no. <a href=\"https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started-eksctl.html\">Ver esta opción</a></li><li><strong>Usar el CLI de AWS y la consola de administración: </strong>Aquí se hace uso de <strong>CloudFormation</strong> otro servicio interesante de AWS que nos facilita la orquestación de algunas cosas, esta opción es algo más manual porque es necesario manejar algunos permisos de IAM y cosas así pero se ve algo más de que es lo que estamos montando. <a href=\"https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started-console.html\">Ver esta opción</a></li></ol><p>Ambas opciones realmente son sencillas y para probar son más que suficientes, recomiendo que intentar cualquiera de ellas y ver que es realmente lo que se monta en la consola de AWS <strong>(BORRARLOOOOOO que al final cobran por tener el espacio en uso indefinidamente tras el año gratuito)</strong></p><p>Bueno y hasta aquí lo que veremos de Docker y Kubernetes por el momento, han sido un montón de posts al respecto espero que os hayan parecido interesantes, se que nos faltaría ver como ser haría con Azure pero realmente es una plataforma que no me gusta mucho (es personal ojo no digo que sea mala ni nada por el estilo) por lo que no lo veremos aquí ni lo comentare, seguro que existe muy buena documentación al respecto para quien esté interesado.</p><p>Clausuro esta serie de posts pero no descarto en ningún momento plantear más cosas sobre kubernetes y docker en un futuro cercano, sin mucho más que deciros NOS VEMOS EN EL SIGUIENTEEEEEEE un abraazoooooooo</p>","htmlAst":{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Bien hasta ahora hemos estado haciendo todo en nuestro entorno local de pruebas, veamos como podemos trabajar con un entorno en cloud desde nuestro terminal con kubectl"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Kubectl es una herramienta de linea de comandos para trabajar con cualquier tipo de cluster de kubernetes, en nuestro caso nos hemos creado un minientorno de pruebas usando "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube."}]},{"type":"text","value":" Al hacer la instalación de minikube y kubectl automáticamente se configura para que estemos usando ese entorno por defecto (el de minikube) pero nosotros podemos cambiarlo en cualquier comento."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Para ver la configuración que tenemos actualmente podemos ejecutar el comando"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl config view"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto nos debe mostrar algo similar a"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image.png 723w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"En esta configuración tenemos 4 cosas importantes:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"clusters"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Información de todos los cluster que tenemos configurados, con su certificado, su dirección o hostname  y el propio nombre que le hemos dado al cluster en cuestión"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"contexts"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Todos los contextos que tenemos configurados. Esto puede parecer redundante, pero no es así, realmente nosotros trabajamos a través de los contextos y estos apuntan a un cluster en específico. Esto es así porque podemos tener distintos usuarios de acceso según el contexto y podemos querer configurar un "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"namespace"}]},{"type":"text","value":" diferente del de por defecto (namespace es solo una separación lógica de objetos dentro de kubernetes)"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"current-context"}]},{"type":"text","value":": El contexto seleccionado actualmente"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"users"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Usuarios con sus nombres y sus métodos de acceso."}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Estos serían los puntos relevantes que tenemos que tener en  cuenta a la hora de intentar conectarnos a otro cluster. "}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como tal "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl nos provee de los comandos necesarios para cambiar el contexto, ver el contexto actual, configurar nuevo cluster, cualquier cosa que necesitemos realmente. Por ejemplo:"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl config current-context"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figcaption","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Para ver el contexto actual"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Estos serían todos los comandos bajo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"config"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-1.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-1.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-1.png 773w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Visto más o menos que nos ofrece kubectl para seleccionar una configuración u otra veamos como hacer despliegue de kubernetes en Google"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"h2","properties":{"id":"hacia-google-cloud"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Hacia Google Cloud"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Google cloud es el servicio cloud que mejor funciona con kubernetes (nació allí por lo que tiene sentido no?). En este sentido es el servicio con el que más rápido podremos configurar nuestro cluster de kubernetes, vamos a por ello:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Primero sería darnos de alta en google cloud, si no tenéis cuenta sería el momento de hacerlo. Una vez que tengamos nuestra cuenta lo que debemos hacer es instalar la linea de comandos de google (gcloud). Buscar en internet como realizar esta instalación en el caso de que no uséis "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"brew"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para instalar paquetes, si lo tenéis solo es necesario hacer "}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"brew "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","function"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"install"}]},{"type":"text","value":" google-cloud-sdk"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Para empezar, lo primero que tenemos que hacer una vez instalado es iniciar la configuración de nuestro servicio:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"gcloud init"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Con este estableceremos una configuración nueva o seleccionaremos una existente si ya la tenemos, aquí cada uno puede configurar lo que quiera y como quiera. Como tal yo tengo un proyecto creado que es: "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kuber-project-example"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Si en algún caso os falla cualquier comando, puede ser por la versión que ha instalada brew del SDK, seguir estos pasos:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Cambiar versión de python de la console"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","builtin","class-name"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"export"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","assign-left","variable"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"CLOUDSDK_PYTHON"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":"python2"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Actualizar los componentes"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"gcloud components update"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Con esto ya os funcionaria todo (o debería). Continuemos:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ahora lo que haremos será seleccionar ese proyecto como base para el resto de comandos"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"gcloud config "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","builtin","class-name"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"set"}]},{"type":"text","value":" project kuber-project-example"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y también es necesaria tener una región de computo configurada"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"gcloud config "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","builtin","class-name"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"set"}]},{"type":"text","value":" compute/zone us-west1-a"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"En este punto puede que os pida seleccionar una cuenta de facturación (por si te vuelves loco creando cosas jajajajaja). Esto lo más fácil es irse a la consola de google, irse al menú de facturación y seleccionar una de las cuentas (o crearla)"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-2.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-2.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-2.png 765w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Una vez seleccionada una cuenta en la consola de google, volvemos a ejecutar el comando, nos pedirá habilitar la API de \"compute.googleapis.com\", la habilitamos(tardará un poco) y ya nos confirmará que la configuración se ha actualizado o añadido"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-3.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-3.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-3.png 926w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"A continuación creamos nuestro cluster de kubernetes que también puede que nos de error porque necesitamos habilitar el servicio de contenedores en nuestro proyecto"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"gcloud container clusters create ninja-cluster --num-nodes"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-4.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-4.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w1000/2021/01/image-4.png 1000w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-4.png 1158w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Por lo que si nos aparece este error habilitaremos ese servicio también"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"gcloud services "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","builtin","class-name"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"enable"}]},{"type":"text","value":" container.googleapis.com"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y ya si todo va bien y no nos pide nada más ejecutamos de nuevo "}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"gcloud container clusters create ninja-cluster --num-nodes"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-5.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-5.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-5.png 811w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y ya cuando termine el proceso nos confirmará los datos pertinentes según lo que hayamos solicitado"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-6.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-6.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w1000/2021/01/image-6.png 1000w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-6.png 1015w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ahora lo siguiente es configurar nuestro kubectl local para que apunte a este cluster.... que lo podíamos hacer a mano, pero en esta caso google nos provee de un comando mágico que nos añade la configuración a la kube config"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"gcloud container clusters get-credentials ninja-cluster"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Básicamente es solicitarle las credenciales sobre un cluster en específico y listo"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-7.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":""},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Veamos la config"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl config view"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-8.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-8.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-8.png 627w"]},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como vemos ahora tenemos otro cluster, otro contexto y otro usuario y si nos fijamos en nuestro "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"current-context "}]},{"type":"text","value":"ya no estamos en minikube si no en el de google"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Veamos que tenemos ahora con nuestro comando para ver los nodos"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl get nodes"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-9.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-9.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-9.png 829w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ahora tenemos nuestro nodo de cluster de kubernetes que le hemos indicado que cree. Probemos ahora a crear un deploy, usaremos el de ejemplo de kubernetes que es una imagen básica de google"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl create deployment web --image"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":"gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y comprobemos que nos ha creado"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-10.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":""},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como tal podemos ejecutar en este caso todos los comandos que hemos ido viendo hasta ahora. Añadamos un service para poder acceder a nuestro deploy, en este caso vamos a añadir un "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"service de tipo LoadBalancer"}]},{"type":"text","value":" (por fin jejejejje) que esto lo que hará será que google cloud nos creará un balanceador de carga y accederemos a nuestro pod desde él."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Una vez que tengamos ip externa"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-11.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-11.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-11.png 700w"]},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ya deberíamos poder acceder a nuestro pod, ojo en este caso tenemos que acceder por IP y al puerto 8080  (si habéis usado mi ejemplo porque el puerto del comando ha sido el 8080)"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-12.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/image-12.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/image-12.png 606w"]},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"En este caso podemos comprobar como de facil es trabajar con kubernetes en google cloud y la configuración no es complicada. Si queremos ver que realmente no es mentira podemos irnos a la consola de kubernetes y ver que es lo que tenemos creado"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.49.33.png 684w"]},"children":[]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y ya para aseguraros de que no miento podemos ver que nos ha creado también un balanceador de carga apuntando a nuestro cluster"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card","kg-card-hascaption"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.25.png 993w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figcaption","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Lista de balanceadores de carga"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figure","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-image-card","kg-card-hascaption"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png","className":["kg-image"],"alt":"","srcSet":["https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/size/w600/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png 600w","https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-14.54.36.png 778w"],"sizes":"(min-width: 720px) 720px"},"children":[]},{"type":"element","tagName":"figcaption","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Detalles del balanceador de carga"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Creo que queda más o menos claro como trabajar con la cloud de google y kubernetes, que es realmente sencillo. Con esto ya podríamos crear infraestructuras tan complejas como quisiéramos que con unos cuantos comandos ya se encarga google de hacerte la magia."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y hasta aquí la parte de google cloud"},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":" (NO SE OS OLVIDE BORRAR LAS COSAS DE GOOGLEEEEEE CLOUUUUD JEJEJJEJEJE)"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"h2","properties":{"id":"aws"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"AWS"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Para hacerlo en aws...... pues realmente es más fácil que lo veáis directamente de la documentación porque es realmente igual de trivial, lo único que nos ofrece 2 opciones:"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"ol","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Usar eksctl: "}]},{"type":"text","value":"Es una herramienta de línea de comandos específica de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Amazon EKS "}]},{"type":"text","value":"(servicio de kubernetes de AWS) que es bastante fácil de usar y a su vez nos da la opción de crear nuestro cluster con "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Fargate"}]},{"type":"text","value":" o no. "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started-eksctl.html"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ver esta opción"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Usar el CLI de AWS y la consola de administración: "}]},{"type":"text","value":"Aquí se hace uso de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"CloudFormation"}]},{"type":"text","value":" otro servicio interesante de AWS que nos facilita la orquestación de algunas cosas, esta opción es algo más manual porque es necesario manejar algunos permisos de IAM y cosas así pero se ve algo más de que es lo que estamos montando. "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started-console.html"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ver esta opción"}]}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ambas opciones realmente son sencillas y para probar son más que suficientes, recomiendo que intentar cualquiera de ellas y ver que es realmente lo que se monta en la consola de AWS "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"(BORRARLOOOOOO que al final cobran por tener el espacio en uso indefinidamente tras el año gratuito)"}]}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Bueno y hasta aquí lo que veremos de Docker y Kubernetes por el momento, han sido un montón de posts al respecto espero que os hayan parecido interesantes, se que nos faltaría ver como ser haría con Azure pero realmente es una plataforma que no me gusta mucho (es personal ojo no digo que sea mala ni nada por el estilo) por lo que no lo veremos aquí ni lo comentare, seguro que existe muy buena documentación al respecto para quien esté interesado."}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Clausuro esta serie de posts pero no descarto en ningún momento plantear más cosas sobre kubernetes y docker en un futuro cercano, sin mucho más que deciros NOS VEMOS EN EL SIGUIENTEEEEEEE un abraazoooooooo"}]}],"data":{"quirksMode":false}},"tableOfContents":[{"id":"hacia-google-cloud","heading":"Hacia Google Cloud"},{"id":"aws","heading":"AWS"}]},"featureImageSharp":{"base":"learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.jpg","publicURL":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":480,"height":270},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.7857142857142858,"src":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/e3903/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.jpg","srcSet":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/477ba/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.jpg 175w,\n/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/06776/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.jpg 350w,\n/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/e3903/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.jpg 480w","srcWebp":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/61162/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/9fca7/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.webp 175w,\n/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/37a4e/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.webp 350w,\n/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/61162/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-5.webp 480w","sizes":"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Ghost__Post__6004188da6c0f5058bff4dbd","title":"Docker XIII - Kubernetes VIII: Pensando en un entorno con microservicios usando INGRESS","slug":"docker-xiii-kubernetes-viii-pensando-en-un-entorno-con-microservicios-usando-ingress","featured":false,"feature_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.jpg","excerpt":"Hasta ahora hemos planteado nuestro entorno pensando solo en una o varías\naplicaciones que realmente funcionan de manera autonóma, es decir, si pensamos\nen nuestro POD con el fork del juego de SUPER MARIO vemos como realmente no\ntiene comunicación con nada más y en un primer momento no la necesita (o\nnosotros a la hora de usarlo tampoco).\n\nAhora propongo otro escenario, como pudiera ser que tenemos un pequeño portal\ndonde el usuario necesita hacer login antes de poder acceder a nuestro juego. Si","custom_excerpt":null,"visibility":"public","created_at_pretty":"17 Jan 2021","published_at_pretty":"8 Feb 2021","updated_at_pretty":"8 Feb 2021","created_at":"2021-01-17T11:59:25.000+01:00","published_at":"2021-02-08T10:37:00.000+01:00","updated_at":"2021-02-08T10:37:00.000+01:00","meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"og_description":null,"og_image":null,"og_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"twitter_image":null,"twitter_title":null,"authors":[{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":null}],"primary_author":{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":{"base":"Perfil.jpg","publicURL":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/Perfil.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":307,"height":307},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1,"src":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg","srcSet":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f340b/Perfil.jpg 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/22d64/Perfil.jpg 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/aa249/Perfil.jpg 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/0dc33/Perfil.jpg 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/60667/Perfil.jpg 307w","srcWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/59cda/Perfil.webp 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/7da75/Perfil.webp 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f282e/Perfil.webp 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/a7b21/Perfil.webp 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f59af/Perfil.webp 307w","sizes":"(max-width: 110px) 100vw, 110px"}}}},"primary_tag":{"slug":"docker","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/docker/","name":"Docker","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Docker Issues","meta_description":"Veremos algunos de los problemas que me he ido encontrando trabajando con contenedores y que no es tan fácil encontrar la solución en internet.","featureImageSharp":null},"tags":[{"slug":"docker","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/docker/","name":"Docker","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Docker Issues","meta_description":"Veremos algunos de los problemas que me he ido encontrando trabajando con contenedores y que no es tan fácil encontrar la solución en internet.","featureImageSharp":null},{"slug":"kubernetes","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/kubernetes/","name":"kubernetes","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null}],"plaintext":"Hasta ahora hemos planteado nuestro entorno pensando solo en una o varías\naplicaciones que realmente funcionan de manera autonóma, es decir, si pensamos\nen nuestro POD con el fork del juego de SUPER MARIO vemos como realmente no\ntiene comunicación con nada más y en un primer momento no la necesita (o\nnosotros a la hora de usarlo tampoco).\n\nAhora propongo otro escenario, como pudiera ser que tenemos un pequeño portal\ndonde el usuario necesita hacer login antes de poder acceder a nuestro juego. Si\nlo planteamos como si realmente fueran servicios distintos tendriamos por\nejemplo:\n\n * Lo que es el front, que no sería más que una miniweb con un login y a lo\n   mejor una lista de posibles juegos.\n * Puede que un microservicio que gestionaría los usuarios y nos permitiría\n   hacer login o un microservicio que fuera realmente la API con la lista de\n   juegos disponibles\n * Y por dejarlo simple un microservicio que sería el fork de nuestro juego de\n   SUPER MARIO y otro que puede ser un fork del SONIC por ejemplo.\n\nEs posible que este escenario no tenga ningún sentido ojo, por el tema de la\nautenticación y demás, es solo para que entendamos que tendríamos varios\nmicroservicios distintos que gestionar. Esto con los objetos y configuraciones\nque hemos visto hasta ahora puede que lo pudieramos conseguir si tenemos un\nobjeto de tipo SERVICE:NODEPORT por cada microservicio y el microservicio de\nfront sepa donde esta todo (superfeo) o a lo mejor hacerlo con subdominios y con\nDNS o cosas así (se me están ocurriendo sobre la marcha pueden no tener\nsentido). El caso es que a no ser que lo gestionaramos en un servicio cloud que\nnos pudiera hacer el enrutamiento no tenemos una forma clara de hacerlo. Bueno\npues para esto tenemos en kubernetes el objeto de tipo INGRESS.\n\nEste objeto lo que hace es definir como se deben gestionar las peticiones que\nvienen desde fuera de nuestro cluster, es decir, hacia donde debe redireccionar\ncada petición. Veamos una diagrama de la documentación oficial donde creo yo que\nse explica bastante bien cual es la tarea de nuestro INGRESS\n\n\n\nEste diagrama que vemos resume un escenario típico que tendríamos en producción:\n\n 1. El cliente envía una petición que lo primero que hace es llegar al\n    balanceador de carga de nuestro cloud. Este balanceador de carga está\n    manejado por un INGRESS CONTROLLER que es el que se encarga de asegurarse de\n    que se cumplan las reglas que definimos en nuestro objeto INGRESS\n 2. Según las reglas que hayamos definido nuestro INGRESS CONTROLLER decide a\n    que servicio (objeto de tipo SERVICE) de nuestro cluster debe enviar la\n    petición en cuestión\n 3. Por último este service envía la petición al primero de sus PODS que este\n    disponible\n\nUn detalle que no hemos dejado claro todavía es que las reglas que definimos en\nel objeto de tipo INGRESS no son manejadas realmente por kubernetes, si no que\nnecesitamos de un controlador externo (INGRESS CONTROLLER para que las gestione)\n. Como tal existen opciones de configuración de ingress disponibles para NGINX,\nHAPROXY, TRAEFIK... para la mayoría de los servicios de proxy, uno de los más\ntípicos es el de nginx. En un entorno en cloud seria necesario tener un POD con\nnginx que sería nuestro INGRESS CONTROLLER.\n\nComentar que el entorno completo en cloud con su loadbalancer, su ingress y\ndemás no lo veremos de momento, en la documentación oficial\n[https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/] viene todo lo\nnecesario creo yo, por ahora con motivos puramente de prueba o académicos\nusaremos la opción que nos provee minikube para tener nuestro propio INGRESS\nCONTROLLER.\n\nVeamos lo primero un ejemplo de objeto tipo INGRESS, como no parece existir de\nmomento comando dry-run para verlo, nos tocará copiar un ejemplo como este\n\napiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1\nkind: Ingress\nmetadata:\n  name: mario-ingress\nspec:\n  rules:\n  - host: mariogame.fulldev.ninja\n    http:\n      paths:\n      - path: /mario\n        pathType: Prefix\n        backend:\n          service:\n            name: mario-service\n            port:\n              number: 8000\n  defaultBackend:\n    service:\n      name: default-service\n      port:\n        number: 8001\n\n\nCreo que es bastante intuitivo lo que hace cada cosa pero hablemos un poco en\ndetalle de algunos puntos:\n\n * apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1: Aquí si nos fijamos tenemos un cambio\n   respecto a lo que soliamos indicar en el resto de objetos, en este caso\n   debemos especificar que pertenece a la api de networking de kubernetes.\n * spec: Como siempre dentro de spec tenemos siempre la definición de lo que\n   queremos hacer.\n * rules: Dentro de rules como su propio nombre indica es donde definiremos las\n   reglas que queremos usar dentro de nuestro ingress * host: hostname al cual enviará el cliente las peticiones\n    * http -> paths: Estos serán los paths que usará nuestro ingress controller\n      para redireccionar la petición a un servicio o a otro.\n    * pathType: Como se filtrarán los paths, el caso más típico es el de Prefix \n      que buscará coincidencias en el path completo separandolo por /\n    * backend -> service: El servicio que debe responder al path indicado\n   \n   \n * defaultBackend: Aquí definimos el servicio por defecto en caso de que no se\n   encontraran coincidencias en el resto de reglas\n\nComo siempre existen muchas más reglas pero estas son las básicas y que me han\nparecido relevantes para empezar (vuelvo a recomendar leer la documentación\noficial)\n\nUna vez visto lo básico, veamos como configurar un ingress controller en\nminikube (recordemos que en un entorno cloud tenemos que tener nuestro propio\npod que haga de controller).\nPara ello lo primero es hablar de los addons de minikube. Minikube dispone de\nciertos extras que podemos habilitar según nos insterese, uno de ellos es el \ningress controller, este ingress que nos provee minikube es una propia intancia\nde nginx preparada para este uso y que en este caso no podremos ver como uno de\nlos pods que hemos estado viendo hasta ahora (en un momento veremos lo que pasa)\n\nOJO esta parte solo funciona si has iniciado minikube con algún gestor de\nmáquinas virtuales como virtualbox doc oficial\n[https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/virtualbox/]. Ver al final\ndel post el apartodo INICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX o también es posible jugar\ncon este playground [https://labs.play-with-k8s.com/]\n\nPrimero veamos la lista de addons, para ello solo es necesario que ejecutemos\neste comando:\n\nminikube addons list\n\n\nEsto nos mostrará una lista de los addons disponibles indicándonos si están\nhabilitados o no (algunos estarán habilitados por defecto según nuestra\ninstalación)\n\n\n\nSi os fijáis uno de los addons que aparecen es el de ingress, habilitemoslo\n\nminikube addons enable ingress\n\n\n\n\nCon esto ya tendríamos habilitado nuestro ingress controller con nginx, pero\ncomo he comentado no nos aparece como un pod normal en este entorno.\n\n\n\nMinikube en este caso lo crea como un pod propio del sistema de minikube por lo\nque para verlo tendríamos que listar los pods que pertenecen a minikube, para\nello\n\nkubectl get pods -n kube-system\n\n\nY esto nos listará todos los pods que va creando minikube\n\n\n\nSi nos fijamos tenemos uno en específico que se llama nginx-controller.\n\nBien con esto ya tendríamos nuestro ingress controller, ahora vamos a trabajar\ncon los mismos ejemplos que la documentación oficial (el de mario da algunos\nproblemas con los direccionamientos y por no entrenernos), primero el deploy\n\nexample-deploy.yaml\n\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: web\n  name: web\nspec:\n  replicas: 2\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: web\n  strategy: {}\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      creationTimestamp: null\n      labels:\n        app: web\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0\n        name: hello-app\n        resources: {}\nstatus: {}\n\n\nEl service\n\nmario-service.yaml\n\napiVersion: v1\nkind: Service\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: web\n  name: web\nspec:\n  ports:\n  - port: 8080\n    protocol: TCP\n    targetPort: 8080\n  selector:\n    app: web\n  type: NodePort\nstatus:\n  loadBalancer: {}\n\n\nHacemos los create pertinentes que ya hemos visto anteriormente\n\nkubectl create -f example-deploy.yaml\nkubectl create -f example-service.yaml\n\n\nY por último preparamos nuestro ingress\n\nexample-ingress.yaml\n\napiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1\nkind: Ingress\nmetadata:\n  name: example-ingress\nspec:\n  rules:\n    - host: hello-world.info\n      http:\n        paths:\n          - path: /\n            pathType: Prefix\n            backend:\n              service:\n                name: web\n                port:\n                  number: 8080\n\n\n\nY creamos nuestro ingress\n\nkubectl create -f example-ingress.yaml\n\n\nEsto nos creará nuestro ingress tardará un poco en tenerlo todo (fijaos en el\nADDRESS)\n\n\n\nComo véis tenemos nuestro ingress creado, un detalle para que no nos alarmemos\nes el warning que aparece. Nosotros en nuestra definición de ingress hemos\ndefinido el uso de la api de kubernetes v1, lo que pasa es que el comando get\ningress comprueba la existencia de ingress desde la primera versión que tiene\ndisponible, por eso el aviso, no quiere decir que nuestra definición de ingress\nesté realmente mal.\n\nBien ahora que ya tenemos nuestro ingress desplegado veamos como podemos acceder\na el. La primera intención puede ser intentar acceder por la IP, pero si lo\nintentamos veremos un 404 de nginx. Esto no es del todo malo, comprobamos que\ntenemos comunicación con nuestro ingress controller\n\n\n\nPara el que no sepa realmente como funcionan los proxys como nginx, lo que hacen\nnormalmente es esperar que el acceso se produzca con un nombre de host\nespecífico, es posible que tengamos varios hostname distintos bajo el mismo\nnginx. En nuestro mismo caso podemos querer tener otro hostname para otro\nservicio que bye-world.info\n\nEntonces lo que tenemos que hacer es modificar nuestra definición local de\nredirecciones IP/HOSTNAME, en mi caso lo tengo que hacer en el fichero \n/etc/hosts\n\n\n\nUna vez modificado si accedemos al hostname en cuestión veremos como accedemos\nsin problema al servicio pertinente\n\n\n\nCon esto tendríamos funcionando un ingress controller que puede redireccionar\nmultiples peticiones a distintos servicios basandonse en el nombre del hosts o\nun path (en nuestro hemos puesto / pero podría ser cualquier otro)\n\nCon esto habríamos visto lo básico para trabajar con ingress, el resto ya es\nrevisar la documentación y ver las distintas opciones que nos ofrece kubernetes\npara cumplir con nuestras necesidades, sin mucho más terminamos este post, nos\nvemos en el siguiente un abrazooooorrrr\n\nINICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX\nEsta es una sección para los que hayan estado jugando con el propio driver de\ndocker (el que nos provee docker-desktop) para probar kubernetes que al final\nllega un punto en el que algunas cosas no funcionan de ninguna forma (depende de\nlas versiones, van incluyendo poco a poco funcionalidades compatibles).\n\nLo primero que tenemos que hacer es borrar minikube de nuestro entorno,\nrecomiendo borrar todo y hacer una instalación limpia para ello lo primero es:\n\nminikube delete --all --purge\n\n\nEsto nos borra todo lo que tenemos de minikube\n\n\n\nA continuación instalamos virtualbox -> Downlaads\n[https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads]\n\nUna vez instalado todo lo que hacemos es arrancar minikube con el driver de\nvirtualbox\n\nminikube start --driver=virtualbox\n\n\n\n\nEsto tardara un rato hasta crea las máquinas virtuales pertinentes\n\n\n\nCon esto ya tendriamos arrancado nuestro minikube con un cluster de maquines\nvirtuales. Well done!!!","html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>Hasta ahora hemos planteado nuestro entorno pensando solo en una o varías aplicaciones que realmente funcionan de manera autonóma, es decir, si pensamos en nuestro POD con el fork del juego de SUPER MARIO vemos como realmente no tiene comunicación con nada más y en un primer momento no la necesita (o nosotros a la hora de usarlo tampoco).</p>\n<p>Ahora propongo otro escenario, como pudiera ser que tenemos un pequeño portal donde el usuario necesita hacer login antes de poder acceder a nuestro juego. Si lo planteamos como si realmente fueran servicios distintos tendriamos por ejemplo:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lo que es el front, que no sería más que una miniweb con un login y a lo mejor una lista de posibles juegos.</li>\n<li>Puede que un microservicio que gestionaría los usuarios y nos permitiría hacer login o un microservicio que fuera realmente la API con la lista de juegos disponibles</li>\n<li>Y por dejarlo simple un microservicio que sería el fork de nuestro juego de SUPER MARIO y otro que puede ser un fork del SONIC por ejemplo.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Es posible que este escenario no tenga ningún sentido ojo, por el tema de la autenticación y demás, es solo para que entendamos que tendríamos varios microservicios distintos que gestionar. Esto con los objetos y configuraciones que hemos visto hasta ahora puede que lo pudieramos conseguir si tenemos un objeto de tipo <em>SERVICE:NODEPORT</em> por cada microservicio y el microservicio de front sepa donde esta todo (superfeo) o a lo mejor hacerlo con subdominios y con DNS o cosas así (se me están ocurriendo sobre la marcha pueden no tener sentido). El caso es que a no ser que lo gestionaramos en un servicio cloud que nos pudiera hacer el enrutamiento no tenemos una forma clara de hacerlo. Bueno pues para esto tenemos en kubernetes el objeto de tipo <strong>INGRESS</strong>.</p>\n<p>Este objeto lo que hace es definir como se deben gestionar las peticiones que vienen desde fuera de nuestro cluster, es decir, hacia donde debe redireccionar cada petición. Veamos una diagrama de la documentación oficial donde creo yo que se explica bastante bien cual es la tarea de nuestro INGRESS</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-17-a-las-18.58.18.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-17-a-las-18.58.18\"></p>\n<p>Este diagrama que vemos resume un escenario típico que tendríamos en producción:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>El cliente envía una petición que lo primero que hace es llegar al balanceador de carga de nuestro cloud. Este balanceador de carga está manejado por un <strong>INGRESS CONTROLLER</strong> que es el que se encarga de asegurarse de que se cumplan las reglas que definimos en nuestro objeto <em>INGRESS</em></li>\n<li>Según las reglas que hayamos definido nuestro INGRESS CONTROLLER decide a que servicio (objeto de tipo <em>SERVICE</em>) de nuestro cluster debe enviar la petición en cuestión</li>\n<li>Por último este <em>service</em> envía la petición al primero de sus PODS que este disponible</li>\n</ol>\n<p>Un detalle que no hemos dejado claro todavía es que <strong>las reglas que definimos en el objeto de tipo <em>INGRESS</em> no son manejadas realmente por kubernetes, si no que necesitamos de un controlador externo (<em>INGRESS CONTROLLER</em> para que las gestione)</strong>. Como tal existen opciones de configuración de <em>ingress</em> disponibles para NGINX, HAPROXY, TRAEFIK... para la mayoría de los servicios de proxy, uno de los más típicos es el de nginx. En un entorno en cloud seria necesario tener un POD con nginx que sería nuestro INGRESS CONTROLLER.</p>\n<p>Comentar que el entorno completo en cloud con su loadbalancer, su ingress y demás no lo veremos de momento, en la <a href=\"https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/\">documentación oficial</a> viene todo lo necesario creo yo, por ahora con motivos puramente de prueba o académicos usaremos la opción que nos provee <em>minikube</em> para tener nuestro propio INGRESS CONTROLLER.</p>\n<p>Veamos lo primero un ejemplo de objeto tipo <em>INGRESS</em>, como no parece existir de momento comando <em>dry-run</em> para verlo, nos tocará copiar un ejemplo como este</p>\n<pre><code>apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1\nkind: Ingress\nmetadata:\n  name: mario-ingress\nspec:\n  rules:\n  - host: mariogame.fulldev.ninja\n    http:\n      paths:\n      - path: /mario\n        pathType: Prefix\n        backend:\n          service:\n            name: mario-service\n            port:\n              number: 8000\n  defaultBackend:\n    service:\n      name: default-service\n      port:\n        number: 8001\n</code></pre>\n<p>Creo que es bastante intuitivo lo que hace cada cosa pero hablemos un poco en detalle de algunos puntos:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1</strong>: Aquí si nos fijamos tenemos un cambio respecto a lo que soliamos indicar en el resto de objetos, en este caso debemos especificar que pertenece a la api de networking de kubernetes.</li>\n<li><strong>spec</strong>: Como siempre dentro de spec tenemos siempre la definición de lo que queremos hacer.</li>\n<li><strong>rules</strong>: Dentro de rules como su propio nombre indica es donde definiremos las reglas que queremos usar dentro de nuestro ingress\n<ul>\n<li><strong>host</strong>: hostname al cual enviará el cliente las peticiones</li>\n<li><strong>http -&gt; paths</strong>: Estos serán los paths que usará nuestro ingress controller para redireccionar la petición a un servicio o a otro.</li>\n<li><strong>pathType</strong>: Como se filtrarán los paths, el caso más típico es el de <em>Prefix</em> que buscará coincidencias en el path completo separandolo por /</li>\n<li><strong>backend -&gt; service</strong>: El servicio que debe responder al path indicado</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><strong>defaultBackend</strong>: Aquí definimos el servicio por defecto en caso de que no se encontraran coincidencias en el resto de reglas</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Como siempre existen muchas más reglas pero estas son las básicas y que me han parecido relevantes para empezar (vuelvo a recomendar leer la documentación oficial)</p>\n<p>Una vez visto lo básico, veamos como configurar un <em>ingress controller</em> en minikube (recordemos que en un entorno cloud tenemos que tener nuestro propio pod que haga de controller).<br>\nPara ello lo primero es hablar de los <strong>addons</strong> de minikube. Minikube dispone de ciertos <em>extras</em> que podemos habilitar según nos insterese, uno de ellos es el <em>ingress controller</em>, este ingress que nos provee minikube es una propia intancia de nginx preparada para este uso y que en este caso no podremos ver como uno de los pods que hemos estado viendo hasta ahora (en un momento veremos lo que pasa)</p>\n<p><strong>OJO esta parte solo funciona si has iniciado minikube con algún gestor de máquinas virtuales como virtualbox <a href=\"https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/virtualbox/\">doc oficial</a>. Ver al final del post el apartodo INICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX o también es posible jugar con <a href=\"https://labs.play-with-k8s.com/\">este playground</a></strong></p>\n<p>Primero veamos la lista de addons, para ello solo es necesario que ejecutemos este comando:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube addons list\n</code></pre>\n<p>Esto nos mostrará una lista de los addons disponibles indicándonos si están habilitados o no (algunos estarán habilitados por defecto según nuestra instalación)</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-10.42.44.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-10.42.44\"></p>\n<p>Si os fijáis uno de los addons que aparecen es el de <em>ingress</em>, habilitemoslo</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube addons enable ingress\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.08.49.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.08.49\"></p>\n<p>Con esto ya tendríamos habilitado nuestro ingress controller con nginx, pero como he comentado no nos aparece como un pod normal en este entorno.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.10.12.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.10.12\"></p>\n<p>Minikube en este caso lo crea como un pod propio del sistema de minikube por lo que para verlo tendríamos que listar los pods que pertenecen a minikube, para ello</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl get pods -n kube-system\n</code></pre>\n<p>Y esto nos listará todos los pods que va creando minikube</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.12.23.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.12.23\"></p>\n<p>Si nos fijamos tenemos uno en específico que se llama <em>nginx-controller</em>.</p>\n<p>Bien con esto ya tendríamos nuestro ingress controller, ahora vamos a trabajar con los mismos ejemplos que la documentación oficial (el de mario da algunos problemas con los direccionamientos y por no entrenernos), primero el deploy</p>\n<p><strong>example-deploy.yaml</strong></p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">apiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: web\n  name: web\nspec:\n  replicas: 2\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: web\n  strategy: {}\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      creationTimestamp: null\n      labels:\n        app: web\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - image: gcr.io/google-samples/hello-app:1.0\n        name: hello-app\n        resources: {}\nstatus: {}\n</code></pre>\n<p>El service</p>\n<p><strong>mario-service.yaml</strong></p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">apiVersion: v1\nkind: Service\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: web\n  name: web\nspec:\n  ports:\n  - port: 8080\n    protocol: TCP\n    targetPort: 8080\n  selector:\n    app: web\n  type: NodePort\nstatus:\n  loadBalancer: {}\n</code></pre>\n<p>Hacemos los create pertinentes que ya hemos visto anteriormente</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create -f example-deploy.yaml\nkubectl create -f example-service.yaml\n</code></pre>\n<p>Y por último preparamos nuestro ingress</p>\n<p><strong>example-ingress.yaml</strong></p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1\nkind: Ingress\nmetadata:\n  name: example-ingress\nspec:\n  rules:\n    - host: hello-world.info\n      http:\n        paths:\n          - path: /\n            pathType: Prefix\n            backend:\n              service:\n                name: web\n                port:\n                  number: 8080\n\n</code></pre>\n<p>Y creamos nuestro ingress</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create -f example-ingress.yaml\n</code></pre>\n<p>Esto nos creará nuestro ingress tardará un poco en tenerlo todo (fijaos en el ADDRESS)</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20\"></p>\n<p>Como véis tenemos nuestro ingress creado, un detalle para que no nos alarmemos es el warning que aparece. Nosotros en nuestra definición de ingress hemos definido el uso de la api de kubernetes v1, lo que pasa es que el comando <em>get ingress</em> comprueba la existencia de ingress desde la primera versión que tiene disponible, por eso el aviso, no quiere decir que nuestra definición de ingress esté realmente mal.</p>\n<p>Bien ahora que ya tenemos nuestro ingress desplegado veamos como podemos acceder a el. La primera intención puede ser intentar acceder por la IP, pero si lo intentamos veremos un 404 de nginx. Esto no es del todo malo, comprobamos que tenemos comunicación con nuestro ingress controller</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.35.58.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.35.58\"></p>\n<p>Para el que no sepa realmente como funcionan los proxys como nginx, lo que hacen normalmente es esperar que el acceso se produzca con un nombre de host específico, es posible que tengamos varios hostname distintos bajo el mismo nginx. En nuestro mismo caso podemos querer tener otro hostname para otro servicio que <strong>bye-world.info</strong></p>\n<p>Entonces lo que tenemos que hacer es modificar nuestra definición local de redirecciones IP/HOSTNAME, en mi caso lo tengo que hacer en el fichero <strong>/etc/hosts</strong></p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20-1.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20-1\"></p>\n<p>Una vez modificado si accedemos al hostname en cuestión veremos como accedemos sin problema al servicio pertinente</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.28.09.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.28.09\"></p>\n<p>Con esto tendríamos funcionando un ingress controller que puede redireccionar multiples peticiones a distintos servicios basandonse en el nombre del hosts o un path (en nuestro hemos puesto <strong>/</strong> pero podría ser cualquier otro)</p>\n<p>Con esto habríamos visto lo básico para trabajar con ingress, el resto ya es revisar la documentación y ver las distintas opciones que nos ofrece kubernetes para cumplir con nuestras necesidades, sin mucho más terminamos este post, nos vemos en el siguiente un abrazooooorrrr</p>\n<h3 id=\"iniciarminikubeconvirtualbox\">INICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX</h3>\n<p>Esta es una sección para los que hayan estado jugando con el propio driver de docker (el que nos provee docker-desktop) para probar kubernetes que al final llega un punto en el que algunas cosas no funcionan de ninguna forma (depende de las versiones, van incluyendo poco a poco funcionalidades compatibles).</p>\n<p>Lo primero que tenemos que hacer es borrar minikube de nuestro entorno, recomiendo borrar todo y hacer una instalación limpia para ello lo primero es:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube delete --all --purge\n</code></pre>\n<p>Esto nos borra todo lo que tenemos de minikube</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.02.33.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.02.33\"></p>\n<p>A continuación instalamos virtualbox -&gt; <a href=\"https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads\">Downlaads</a></p>\n<p>Una vez instalado todo lo que hacemos es arrancar minikube con el driver de virtualbox</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube start --driver=virtualbox\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.03.47.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.03.47\"></p>\n<p>Esto tardara un rato hasta crea las máquinas virtuales pertinentes</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.06.40.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.06.40\"></p>\n<p>Con esto ya tendriamos arrancado nuestro minikube con un cluster de maquines virtuales. Well done!!!</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/docker-xiii-kubernetes-viii-pensando-en-un-entorno-con-microservicios-usando-ingress/","canonical_url":null,"uuid":"7aac306c-9aa6-4c27-a68d-ce54b498122e","codeinjection_foot":null,"codeinjection_head":null,"codeinjection_styles":null,"comment_id":"6004188da6c0f5058bff4dbd","reading_time":8,"send_email_when_published":false,"email_subject":null,"childHtmlRehype":{"html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>Hasta ahora hemos planteado nuestro entorno pensando solo en una o varías aplicaciones que realmente funcionan de manera autonóma, es decir, si pensamos en nuestro POD con el fork del juego de SUPER MARIO vemos como realmente no tiene comunicación con nada más y en un primer momento no la necesita (o nosotros a la hora de usarlo tampoco).</p>\n<p>Ahora propongo otro escenario, como pudiera ser que tenemos un pequeño portal donde el usuario necesita hacer login antes de poder acceder a nuestro juego. Si lo planteamos como si realmente fueran servicios distintos tendriamos por ejemplo:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Lo que es el front, que no sería más que una miniweb con un login y a lo mejor una lista de posibles juegos.</li>\n<li>Puede que un microservicio que gestionaría los usuarios y nos permitiría hacer login o un microservicio que fuera realmente la API con la lista de juegos disponibles</li>\n<li>Y por dejarlo simple un microservicio que sería el fork de nuestro juego de SUPER MARIO y otro que puede ser un fork del SONIC por ejemplo.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Es posible que este escenario no tenga ningún sentido ojo, por el tema de la autenticación y demás, es solo para que entendamos que tendríamos varios microservicios distintos que gestionar. Esto con los objetos y configuraciones que hemos visto hasta ahora puede que lo pudieramos conseguir si tenemos un objeto de tipo <em>SERVICE:NODEPORT</em> por cada microservicio y el microservicio de front sepa donde esta todo (superfeo) o a lo mejor hacerlo con subdominios y con DNS o cosas así (se me están ocurriendo sobre la marcha pueden no tener sentido). El caso es que a no ser que lo gestionaramos en un servicio cloud que nos pudiera hacer el enrutamiento no tenemos una forma clara de hacerlo. Bueno pues para esto tenemos en kubernetes el objeto de tipo <strong>INGRESS</strong>.</p>\n<p>Este objeto lo que hace es definir como se deben gestionar las peticiones que vienen desde fuera de nuestro cluster, es decir, hacia donde debe redireccionar cada petición. Veamos una diagrama de la documentación oficial donde creo yo que se explica bastante bien cual es la tarea de nuestro INGRESS</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-17-a-las-18.58.18.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-17-a-las-18.58.18\"></p>\n<p>Este diagrama que vemos resume un escenario típico que tendríamos en producción:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>El cliente envía una petición que lo primero que hace es llegar al balanceador de carga de nuestro cloud. Este balanceador de carga está manejado por un <strong>INGRESS CONTROLLER</strong> que es el que se encarga de asegurarse de que se cumplan las reglas que definimos en nuestro objeto <em>INGRESS</em></li>\n<li>Según las reglas que hayamos definido nuestro INGRESS CONTROLLER decide a que servicio (objeto de tipo <em>SERVICE</em>) de nuestro cluster debe enviar la petición en cuestión</li>\n<li>Por último este <em>service</em> envía la petición al primero de sus PODS que este disponible</li>\n</ol>\n<p>Un detalle que no hemos dejado claro todavía es que <strong>las reglas que definimos en el objeto de tipo <em>INGRESS</em> no son manejadas realmente por kubernetes, si no que necesitamos de un controlador externo (<em>INGRESS CONTROLLER</em> para que las gestione)</strong>. Como tal existen opciones de configuración de <em>ingress</em> disponibles para NGINX, HAPROXY, TRAEFIK... para la mayoría de los servicios de proxy, uno de los más típicos es el de nginx. En un entorno en cloud seria necesario tener un POD con nginx que sería nuestro INGRESS CONTROLLER.</p>\n<p>Comentar que el entorno completo en cloud con su loadbalancer, su ingress y demás no lo veremos de momento, en la <a href=\"https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/\">documentación oficial</a> viene todo lo necesario creo yo, por ahora con motivos puramente de prueba o académicos usaremos la opción que nos provee <em>minikube</em> para tener nuestro propio INGRESS CONTROLLER.</p>\n<p>Veamos lo primero un ejemplo de objeto tipo <em>INGRESS</em>, como no parece existir de momento comando <em>dry-run</em> para verlo, nos tocará copiar un ejemplo como este</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"text\"><pre class=\"language-text\"><code class=\"language-text\">apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1\nkind: Ingress\nmetadata:\n  name: mario-ingress\nspec:\n  rules:\n  - host: mariogame.fulldev.ninja\n    http:\n      paths:\n      - path: /mario\n        pathType: Prefix\n        backend:\n          service:\n            name: mario-service\n            port:\n              number: 8000\n  defaultBackend:\n    service:\n      name: default-service\n      port:\n        number: 8001\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Creo que es bastante intuitivo lo que hace cada cosa pero hablemos un poco en detalle de algunos puntos:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1</strong>: Aquí si nos fijamos tenemos un cambio respecto a lo que soliamos indicar en el resto de objetos, en este caso debemos especificar que pertenece a la api de networking de kubernetes.</li>\n<li><strong>spec</strong>: Como siempre dentro de spec tenemos siempre la definición de lo que queremos hacer.</li>\n<li><strong>rules</strong>: Dentro de rules como su propio nombre indica es donde definiremos las reglas que queremos usar dentro de nuestro ingress\n<ul>\n<li><strong>host</strong>: hostname al cual enviará el cliente las peticiones</li>\n<li><strong>http -> paths</strong>: Estos serán los paths que usará nuestro ingress controller para redireccionar la petición a un servicio o a otro.</li>\n<li><strong>pathType</strong>: Como se filtrarán los paths, el caso más típico es el de <em>Prefix</em> que buscará coincidencias en el path completo separandolo por /</li>\n<li><strong>backend -> service</strong>: El servicio que debe responder al path indicado</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><strong>defaultBackend</strong>: Aquí definimos el servicio por defecto en caso de que no se encontraran coincidencias en el resto de reglas</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Como siempre existen muchas más reglas pero estas son las básicas y que me han parecido relevantes para empezar (vuelvo a recomendar leer la documentación oficial)</p>\n<p>Una vez visto lo básico, veamos como configurar un <em>ingress controller</em> en minikube (recordemos que en un entorno cloud tenemos que tener nuestro propio pod que haga de controller).<br>\nPara ello lo primero es hablar de los <strong>addons</strong> de minikube. Minikube dispone de ciertos <em>extras</em> que podemos habilitar según nos insterese, uno de ellos es el <em>ingress controller</em>, este ingress que nos provee minikube es una propia intancia de nginx preparada para este uso y que en este caso no podremos ver como uno de los pods que hemos estado viendo hasta ahora (en un momento veremos lo que pasa)</p>\n<p><strong>OJO esta parte solo funciona si has iniciado minikube con algún gestor de máquinas virtuales como virtualbox <a href=\"https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/virtualbox/\">doc oficial</a>. Ver al final del post el apartodo INICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX o también es posible jugar con <a href=\"https://labs.play-with-k8s.com/\">este playground</a></strong></p>\n<p>Primero veamos la lista de addons, para ello solo es necesario que ejecutemos este comando:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube addons list\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Esto nos mostrará una lista de los addons disponibles indicándonos si están habilitados o no (algunos estarán habilitados por defecto según nuestra instalación)</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-10.42.44.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-10.42.44\"></p>\n<p>Si os fijáis uno de los addons que aparecen es el de <em>ingress</em>, habilitemoslo</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube addons <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">enable</span> ingress\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.08.49.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.08.49\"></p>\n<p>Con esto ya tendríamos habilitado nuestro ingress controller con nginx, pero como he comentado no nos aparece como un pod normal en este entorno.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.10.12.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.10.12\"></p>\n<p>Minikube en este caso lo crea como un pod propio del sistema de minikube por lo que para verlo tendríamos que listar los pods que pertenecen a minikube, para ello</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl get pods -n kube-system\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Y esto nos listará todos los pods que va creando minikube</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.12.23.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.12.23\"></p>\n<p>Si nos fijamos tenemos uno en específico que se llama <em>nginx-controller</em>.</p>\n<p>Bien con esto ya tendríamos nuestro ingress controller, ahora vamos a trabajar con los mismos ejemplos que la documentación oficial (el de mario da algunos problemas con los direccionamientos y por no entrenernos), primero el deploy</p>\n<p><strong>example-deploy.yaml</strong></p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"yaml\"><pre class=\"language-yaml\"><code class=\"language-yaml\"><span class=\"token key atrule\">apiVersion</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> apps/v1\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">kind</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Deployment\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> web\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> web\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">replicas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">selector</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">matchLabels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> web\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">strategy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">template</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> web\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">containers</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">image</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> gcr.io/google<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>samples/hello<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>app<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span><span class=\"token number\">1.0</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> hello<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>app\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">resources</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">status</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>El service</p>\n<p><strong>mario-service.yaml</strong></p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"yaml\"><pre class=\"language-yaml\"><code class=\"language-yaml\"><span class=\"token key atrule\">apiVersion</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> v1\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">kind</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Service\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> web\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> web\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">ports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">port</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">8080</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">protocol</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> TCP\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">targetPort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">8080</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">selector</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> web\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">type</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> NodePort\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">status</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">loadBalancer</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Hacemos los create pertinentes que ya hemos visto anteriormente</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create -f example-deploy.yaml\nkubectl create -f example-service.yaml\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Y por último preparamos nuestro ingress</p>\n<p><strong>example-ingress.yaml</strong></p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"yaml\"><pre class=\"language-yaml\"><code class=\"language-yaml\"><span class=\"token key atrule\">apiVersion</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> networking.k8s.io/v1\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">kind</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Ingress\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> example<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>ingress\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">rules</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">host</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> hello<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>world.info\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">http</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">paths</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n          <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">path</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> /\n            <span class=\"token key atrule\">pathType</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Prefix\n            <span class=\"token key atrule\">backend</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n              <span class=\"token key atrule\">service</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n                <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> web\n                <span class=\"token key atrule\">port</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n                  <span class=\"token key atrule\">number</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">8080</span>\n\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Y creamos nuestro ingress</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create -f example-ingress.yaml\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Esto nos creará nuestro ingress tardará un poco en tenerlo todo (fijaos en el ADDRESS)</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20\"></p>\n<p>Como véis tenemos nuestro ingress creado, un detalle para que no nos alarmemos es el warning que aparece. Nosotros en nuestra definición de ingress hemos definido el uso de la api de kubernetes v1, lo que pasa es que el comando <em>get ingress</em> comprueba la existencia de ingress desde la primera versión que tiene disponible, por eso el aviso, no quiere decir que nuestra definición de ingress esté realmente mal.</p>\n<p>Bien ahora que ya tenemos nuestro ingress desplegado veamos como podemos acceder a el. La primera intención puede ser intentar acceder por la IP, pero si lo intentamos veremos un 404 de nginx. Esto no es del todo malo, comprobamos que tenemos comunicación con nuestro ingress controller</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.35.58.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.35.58\"></p>\n<p>Para el que no sepa realmente como funcionan los proxys como nginx, lo que hacen normalmente es esperar que el acceso se produzca con un nombre de host específico, es posible que tengamos varios hostname distintos bajo el mismo nginx. En nuestro mismo caso podemos querer tener otro hostname para otro servicio que <strong>bye-world.info</strong></p>\n<p>Entonces lo que tenemos que hacer es modificar nuestra definición local de redirecciones IP/HOSTNAME, en mi caso lo tengo que hacer en el fichero <strong>/etc/hosts</strong></p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20-1.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20-1\"></p>\n<p>Una vez modificado si accedemos al hostname en cuestión veremos como accedemos sin problema al servicio pertinente</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.28.09.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.28.09\"></p>\n<p>Con esto tendríamos funcionando un ingress controller que puede redireccionar multiples peticiones a distintos servicios basandonse en el nombre del hosts o un path (en nuestro hemos puesto <strong>/</strong> pero podría ser cualquier otro)</p>\n<p>Con esto habríamos visto lo básico para trabajar con ingress, el resto ya es revisar la documentación y ver las distintas opciones que nos ofrece kubernetes para cumplir con nuestras necesidades, sin mucho más terminamos este post, nos vemos en el siguiente un abrazooooorrrr</p>\n<h3 id=\"iniciarminikubeconvirtualbox\">INICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX</h3>\n<p>Esta es una sección para los que hayan estado jugando con el propio driver de docker (el que nos provee docker-desktop) para probar kubernetes que al final llega un punto en el que algunas cosas no funcionan de ninguna forma (depende de las versiones, van incluyendo poco a poco funcionalidades compatibles).</p>\n<p>Lo primero que tenemos que hacer es borrar minikube de nuestro entorno, recomiendo borrar todo y hacer una instalación limpia para ello lo primero es:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube delete --all --purge\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Esto nos borra todo lo que tenemos de minikube</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.02.33.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.02.33\"></p>\n<p>A continuación instalamos virtualbox -> <a href=\"https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads\">Downlaads</a></p>\n<p>Una vez instalado todo lo que hacemos es arrancar minikube con el driver de virtualbox</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">minikube start --driver<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>virtualbox\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.03.47.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.03.47\"></p>\n<p>Esto tardara un rato hasta crea las máquinas virtuales pertinentes</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.06.40.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.06.40\"></p>\n<p>Con esto ya tendriamos arrancado nuestro minikube con un cluster de maquines virtuales. Well done!!!</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","htmlAst":{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-begin: markdown"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Hasta ahora hemos planteado nuestro entorno pensando solo en una o varías aplicaciones que realmente funcionan de manera autonóma, es decir, si pensamos en nuestro POD con el fork del juego de SUPER MARIO vemos como realmente no tiene comunicación con nada más y en un primer momento no la necesita (o nosotros a la hora de usarlo tampoco)."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ahora propongo otro escenario, como pudiera ser que tenemos un pequeño portal donde el usuario necesita hacer login antes de poder acceder a nuestro juego. Si lo planteamos como si realmente fueran servicios distintos tendriamos por ejemplo:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Lo que es el front, que no sería más que una miniweb con un login y a lo mejor una lista de posibles juegos."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Puede que un microservicio que gestionaría los usuarios y nos permitiría hacer login o un microservicio que fuera realmente la API con la lista de juegos disponibles"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y por dejarlo simple un microservicio que sería el fork de nuestro juego de SUPER MARIO y otro que puede ser un fork del SONIC por ejemplo."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Es posible que este escenario no tenga ningún sentido ojo, por el tema de la autenticación y demás, es solo para que entendamos que tendríamos varios microservicios distintos que gestionar. Esto con los objetos y configuraciones que hemos visto hasta ahora puede que lo pudieramos conseguir si tenemos un objeto de tipo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"SERVICE:NODEPORT"}]},{"type":"text","value":" por cada microservicio y el microservicio de front sepa donde esta todo (superfeo) o a lo mejor hacerlo con subdominios y con DNS o cosas así (se me están ocurriendo sobre la marcha pueden no tener sentido). El caso es que a no ser que lo gestionaramos en un servicio cloud que nos pudiera hacer el enrutamiento no tenemos una forma clara de hacerlo. Bueno pues para esto tenemos en kubernetes el objeto de tipo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"INGRESS"}]},{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Este objeto lo que hace es definir como se deben gestionar las peticiones que vienen desde fuera de nuestro cluster, es decir, hacia donde debe redireccionar cada petición. Veamos una diagrama de la documentación oficial donde creo yo que se explica bastante bien cual es la tarea de nuestro INGRESS"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-17-a-las-18.58.18.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-17-a-las-18.58.18"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Este diagrama que vemos resume un escenario típico que tendríamos en producción:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ol","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"El cliente envía una petición que lo primero que hace es llegar al balanceador de carga de nuestro cloud. Este balanceador de carga está manejado por un "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"INGRESS CONTROLLER"}]},{"type":"text","value":" que es el que se encarga de asegurarse de que se cumplan las reglas que definimos en nuestro objeto "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"INGRESS"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Según las reglas que hayamos definido nuestro INGRESS CONTROLLER decide a que servicio (objeto de tipo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"SERVICE"}]},{"type":"text","value":") de nuestro cluster debe enviar la petición en cuestión"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Por último este "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"service"}]},{"type":"text","value":" envía la petición al primero de sus PODS que este disponible"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Un detalle que no hemos dejado claro todavía es que "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"las reglas que definimos en el objeto de tipo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"INGRESS"}]},{"type":"text","value":" no son manejadas realmente por kubernetes, si no que necesitamos de un controlador externo ("},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"INGRESS CONTROLLER"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para que las gestione)"}]},{"type":"text","value":". Como tal existen opciones de configuración de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"ingress"}]},{"type":"text","value":" disponibles para NGINX, HAPROXY, TRAEFIK... para la mayoría de los servicios de proxy, uno de los más típicos es el de nginx. En un entorno en cloud seria necesario tener un POD con nginx que sería nuestro INGRESS CONTROLLER."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Comentar que el entorno completo en cloud con su loadbalancer, su ingress y demás no lo veremos de momento, en la "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"documentación oficial"}]},{"type":"text","value":" viene todo lo necesario creo yo, por ahora con motivos puramente de prueba o académicos usaremos la opción que nos provee "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para tener nuestro propio INGRESS CONTROLLER."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Veamos lo primero un ejemplo de objeto tipo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"INGRESS"}]},{"type":"text","value":", como no parece existir de momento comando "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"dry-run"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para verlo, nos tocará copiar un ejemplo como este"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"text"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-text"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1\nkind: Ingress\nmetadata:\n  name: mario-ingress\nspec:\n  rules:\n  - host: mariogame.fulldev.ninja\n    http:\n      paths:\n      - path: /mario\n        pathType: Prefix\n        backend:\n          service:\n            name: mario-service\n            port:\n              number: 8000\n  defaultBackend:\n    service:\n      name: default-service\n      port:\n        number: 8001\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Creo que es bastante intuitivo lo que hace cada cosa pero hablemos un poco en detalle de algunos puntos:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Aquí si nos fijamos tenemos un cambio respecto a lo que soliamos indicar en el resto de objetos, en este caso debemos especificar que pertenece a la api de networking de kubernetes."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Como siempre dentro de spec tenemos siempre la definición de lo que queremos hacer."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"rules"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Dentro de rules como su propio nombre indica es donde definiremos las reglas que queremos usar dentro de nuestro ingress\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"host"}]},{"type":"text","value":": hostname al cual enviará el cliente las peticiones"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"http -> paths"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Estos serán los paths que usará nuestro ingress controller para redireccionar la petición a un servicio o a otro."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"pathType"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Como se filtrarán los paths, el caso más típico es el de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Prefix"}]},{"type":"text","value":" que buscará coincidencias en el path completo separandolo por /"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"backend -> service"}]},{"type":"text","value":": El servicio que debe responder al path indicado"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"defaultBackend"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Aquí definimos el servicio por defecto en caso de que no se encontraran coincidencias en el resto de reglas"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como siempre existen muchas más reglas pero estas son las básicas y que me han parecido relevantes para empezar (vuelvo a recomendar leer la documentación oficial)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Una vez visto lo básico, veamos como configurar un "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"ingress controller"}]},{"type":"text","value":" en minikube (recordemos que en un entorno cloud tenemos que tener nuestro propio pod que haga de controller)."},{"type":"element","tagName":"br","properties":{},"children":[]},{"type":"text","value":"\nPara ello lo primero es hablar de los "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"addons"}]},{"type":"text","value":" de minikube. Minikube dispone de ciertos "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"extras"}]},{"type":"text","value":" que podemos habilitar según nos insterese, uno de ellos es el "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"ingress controller"}]},{"type":"text","value":", este ingress que nos provee minikube es una propia intancia de nginx preparada para este uso y que en este caso no podremos ver como uno de los pods que hemos estado viendo hasta ahora (en un momento veremos lo que pasa)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"OJO esta parte solo funciona si has iniciado minikube con algún gestor de máquinas virtuales como virtualbox "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/reference/drivers/virtualbox/"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"doc oficial"}]},{"type":"text","value":". Ver al final del post el apartodo INICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX o también es posible jugar con "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://labs.play-with-k8s.com/"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"este playground"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Primero veamos la lista de addons, para ello solo es necesario que ejecutemos este comando:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube addons list\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto nos mostrará una lista de los addons disponibles indicándonos si están habilitados o no (algunos estarán habilitados por defecto según nuestra instalación)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-10.42.44.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-10.42.44"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Si os fijáis uno de los addons que aparecen es el de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"ingress"}]},{"type":"text","value":", habilitemoslo"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube addons "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","builtin","class-name"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"enable"}]},{"type":"text","value":" ingress\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.08.49.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.08.49"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Con esto ya tendríamos habilitado nuestro ingress controller con nginx, pero como he comentado no nos aparece como un pod normal en este entorno."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.10.12.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.10.12"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Minikube en este caso lo crea como un pod propio del sistema de minikube por lo que para verlo tendríamos que listar los pods que pertenecen a minikube, para ello"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl get pods -n kube-system\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y esto nos listará todos los pods que va creando minikube"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.12.23.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.12.23"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Si nos fijamos tenemos uno en específico que se llama "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"nginx-controller"}]},{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Bien con esto ya tendríamos nuestro ingress controller, ahora vamos a trabajar con los mismos ejemplos que la documentación oficial (el de mario da algunos problemas con los direccionamientos y por no entrenernos), primero el deploy"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"example-deploy.yaml"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"yaml"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apiVersion"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" apps/v1\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kind"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" Deployment\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" web\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" web\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"replicas"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"selector"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"matchLabels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" web\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"strategy"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"template"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" web\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"containers"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"image"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" gcr.io/google"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"samples/hello"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"app"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1.0"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" hello"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"app\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"resources"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"status"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"El service"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"mario-service.yaml"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"yaml"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apiVersion"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" v1\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kind"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" Service\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" web\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" web\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"ports"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"port"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"8080"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"protocol"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" TCP\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"targetPort"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"8080"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"selector"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" web\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"type"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" NodePort\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"status"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"loadBalancer"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Hacemos los create pertinentes que ya hemos visto anteriormente"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl create -f example-deploy.yaml\nkubectl create -f example-service.yaml\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y por último preparamos nuestro ingress"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"example-ingress.yaml"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"yaml"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apiVersion"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" networking.k8s.io/v1\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kind"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" Ingress\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" example"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"ingress\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"rules"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"host"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" hello"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"world.info\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"http"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"paths"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n          "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"path"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" /\n            "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"pathType"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" Prefix\n            "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"backend"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n              "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"service"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n                "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" web\n                "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"port"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n                  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"number"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"8080"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y creamos nuestro ingress"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl create -f example-ingress.yaml\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto nos creará nuestro ingress tardará un poco en tenerlo todo (fijaos en el ADDRESS)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como véis tenemos nuestro ingress creado, un detalle para que no nos alarmemos es el warning que aparece. Nosotros en nuestra definición de ingress hemos definido el uso de la api de kubernetes v1, lo que pasa es que el comando "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"get ingress"}]},{"type":"text","value":" comprueba la existencia de ingress desde la primera versión que tiene disponible, por eso el aviso, no quiere decir que nuestra definición de ingress esté realmente mal."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Bien ahora que ya tenemos nuestro ingress desplegado veamos como podemos acceder a el. La primera intención puede ser intentar acceder por la IP, pero si lo intentamos veremos un 404 de nginx. Esto no es del todo malo, comprobamos que tenemos comunicación con nuestro ingress controller"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.35.58.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.35.58"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Para el que no sepa realmente como funcionan los proxys como nginx, lo que hacen normalmente es esperar que el acceso se produzca con un nombre de host específico, es posible que tengamos varios hostname distintos bajo el mismo nginx. En nuestro mismo caso podemos querer tener otro hostname para otro servicio que "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"bye-world.info"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Entonces lo que tenemos que hacer es modificar nuestra definición local de redirecciones IP/HOSTNAME, en mi caso lo tengo que hacer en el fichero "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"/etc/hosts"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20-1.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.26.20-1"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Una vez modificado si accedemos al hostname en cuestión veremos como accedemos sin problema al servicio pertinente"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.28.09.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-12.28.09"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Con esto tendríamos funcionando un ingress controller que puede redireccionar multiples peticiones a distintos servicios basandonse en el nombre del hosts o un path (en nuestro hemos puesto "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"/"}]},{"type":"text","value":" pero podría ser cualquier otro)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Con esto habríamos visto lo básico para trabajar con ingress, el resto ya es revisar la documentación y ver las distintas opciones que nos ofrece kubernetes para cumplir con nuestras necesidades, sin mucho más terminamos este post, nos vemos en el siguiente un abrazooooorrrr"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h3","properties":{"id":"iniciarminikubeconvirtualbox"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"INICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esta es una sección para los que hayan estado jugando con el propio driver de docker (el que nos provee docker-desktop) para probar kubernetes que al final llega un punto en el que algunas cosas no funcionan de ninguna forma (depende de las versiones, van incluyendo poco a poco funcionalidades compatibles)."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Lo primero que tenemos que hacer es borrar minikube de nuestro entorno, recomiendo borrar todo y hacer una instalación limpia para ello lo primero es:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube delete --all --purge\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto nos borra todo lo que tenemos de minikube"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.02.33.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.02.33"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"A continuación instalamos virtualbox -> "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Downlaads"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Una vez instalado todo lo que hacemos es arrancar minikube con el driver de virtualbox"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"minikube start --driver"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":"virtualbox\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.03.47.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.03.47"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto tardara un rato hasta crea las máquinas virtuales pertinentes"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.06.40.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-22-a-las-11.06.40"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Con esto ya tendriamos arrancado nuestro minikube con un cluster de maquines virtuales. Well done!!!"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-end: markdown"}],"data":{"quirksMode":false}},"tableOfContents":[{"id":"iniciarminikubeconvirtualbox","heading":"INICIAR MINIKUBE CON VIRTUALBOX"}]},"featureImageSharp":{"base":"learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.jpg","publicURL":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":480,"height":270},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.7857142857142858,"src":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/e3903/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.jpg","srcSet":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/477ba/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.jpg 175w,\n/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/06776/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.jpg 350w,\n/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/e3903/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.jpg 480w","srcWebp":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/61162/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/9fca7/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.webp 175w,\n/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/37a4e/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.webp 350w,\n/static/a8e77ba5b1852585391f8ffab9564f47/61162/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-4.webp 480w","sizes":"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"}}}}},{"node":{"id":"Ghost__Post__6003341fa6c0f5058bff4d9e","title":"Docker XII - Kubernetes VII: Escalando PODS","slug":"docker-xii-kubernetes-vii-multiplicando-pods","featured":false,"feature_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.jpg","excerpt":"Hasta ahora en los post anteriores hemos estado trabajando con solo un POD o una\ninstancia de cada POD. Pero para realmente tener ese escenario no necesitamos \nkubernetes podiamos hacerlo igual con docker o con docker-conpose. Veamos ahora\nrealmente algo de lo que nos ofrece realmente kubernetes que es la posibilidad\nde gestionar multiples instancias de un mismo POD.\n\nEsto lo hace kubernetes posible haciendo uso de los objetos con tipo Deployment,\nes un objeto muy similar al POD con el que hemos","custom_excerpt":null,"visibility":"public","created_at_pretty":"16 Jan 2021","published_at_pretty":"1 Feb 2021","updated_at_pretty":"1 Feb 2021","created_at":"2021-01-16T19:44:47.000+01:00","published_at":"2021-02-01T10:39:00.000+01:00","updated_at":"2021-02-01T10:39:00.000+01:00","meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"og_description":null,"og_image":null,"og_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"twitter_image":null,"twitter_title":null,"authors":[{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":null}],"primary_author":{"slug":"jlgarcia","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/author/jlgarcia/","name":"Juan Luis Garcia Aparicio","bio":null,"cover_image":null,"profile_image":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2017/12/Perfil.jpg","location":null,"website":null,"twitter":null,"facebook":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"coverImageSharp":null,"profileImageSharp":{"base":"Perfil.jpg","publicURL":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/Perfil.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":307,"height":307},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/2wBDABALDA4MChAODQ4SERATGCgaGBYWGDEjJR0oOjM9PDkzODdASFxOQERXRTc4UG1RV19iZ2hnPk1xeXBkeFxlZ2P/2wBDARESEhgVGC8aGi9jQjhCY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2NjY2P/wgARCAAUABQDASIAAhEBAxEB/8QAGAABAQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAUDBAb/xAAUAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA/9oADAMBAAIQAxAAAAGzw6zC6zHn+cLYP//EAB0QAAICAQUAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAEDAAIEEyEiIzL/2gAIAQEAAQUCifca8KgcKWVfUpkHsG5pxX//xAAUEQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAg/9oACAEDAQE/AR//xAAUEQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAg/9oACAECAQE/AR//xAAdEAACAgEFAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAARARcQISIUFR/9oACAEBAAY/AhU88xkb7N06a8P/xAAcEAEAAwEAAwEAAAAAAAAAAAABABEhMUFRYXH/2gAIAQEAAT8hR2pq40aqb+xIAeXibhW9JXr8joF4TBcSNe0//9oADAMBAAIAAwAAABDzDwD/xAAUEQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAg/9oACAEDAQE/EB//xAAUEQEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAg/9oACAECAQE/EB//xAAcEAEAAgIDAQAAAAAAAAAAAAABABEhUTFhcfD/2gAIAQEAAT8QyItrELaTlatLwU63MvEW6vUNdy4LZQDn7iVApV9VLtANdWwKkuYq4Er1VZ//2Q==","aspectRatio":1,"src":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg","srcSet":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f340b/Perfil.jpg 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/22d64/Perfil.jpg 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/31709/Perfil.jpg 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/aa249/Perfil.jpg 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/0dc33/Perfil.jpg 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/60667/Perfil.jpg 307w","srcWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/59cda/Perfil.webp 28w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/7da75/Perfil.webp 55w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/8678c/Perfil.webp 110w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f282e/Perfil.webp 165w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/a7b21/Perfil.webp 220w,\n/static/b0de6281fb28a266510b3b09b9243e5a/f59af/Perfil.webp 307w","sizes":"(max-width: 110px) 100vw, 110px"}}}},"primary_tag":{"slug":"docker","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/docker/","name":"Docker","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Docker Issues","meta_description":"Veremos algunos de los problemas que me he ido encontrando trabajando con contenedores y que no es tan fácil encontrar la solución en internet.","featureImageSharp":null},"tags":[{"slug":"docker","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/docker/","name":"Docker","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":"Docker Issues","meta_description":"Veremos algunos de los problemas que me he ido encontrando trabajando con contenedores y que no es tan fácil encontrar la solución en internet.","featureImageSharp":null},{"slug":"kubernetes","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/tag/kubernetes/","name":"kubernetes","visibility":"public","feature_image":null,"description":null,"meta_title":null,"meta_description":null,"featureImageSharp":null}],"plaintext":"Hasta ahora en los post anteriores hemos estado trabajando con solo un POD o una\ninstancia de cada POD. Pero para realmente tener ese escenario no necesitamos \nkubernetes podiamos hacerlo igual con docker o con docker-conpose. Veamos ahora\nrealmente algo de lo que nos ofrece realmente kubernetes que es la posibilidad\nde gestionar multiples instancias de un mismo POD.\n\nEsto lo hace kubernetes posible haciendo uso de los objetos con tipo Deployment,\nes un objeto muy similar al POD con el que hemos estado trabajando solo que nos\npermite indicarle cuantas instancias queremos de un mismo pod. Para ver un\nejemplo podemos hacer, como siempre, uso de un comando dry-run:\n\nkubectl create deployment mario-deploy --image=pengbai/docker-supermario:latest --port=8080 --dry-run=client -o yaml > mario-deployment.yaml\n\n\nEsto nos creará un documento similar a este:\n\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: mario-deploy\n  name: mario-deploy\nspec:\n  replicas: 1\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: mario-deploy\n  strategy: {}\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      creationTimestamp: null\n      labels:\n        app: mario-deploy\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - image: pengbai/docker-supermario:latest\n        name: docker-supermario\n        ports:\n        - containerPort: 8080\n        resources: {}\nstatus: {}\n\n\nVeamos un poco que es lo que tenemos aquí:\n\n * metadata: Ya hemos visto en el resto de posts que es esto. Contiene labels \n   identificativos que nos pueden ser utiles para hacer referencia desde otros\n   objetos del cluster de kubernetes. Y también tiene su name para identificar\n   este objeto como tal.\n\nDentro del spec, que recordemos que es donde realmente se define la magia \ntenemos nuevo:\n\n * replicas: Creo que es autoexplicativo. Podemos indicar la cantidad de\n   instancias que queremos de un tipo de POD.\n * selector: Al igual que pasaba con el objeto de tipo service, dentro de este\n   selector indicamos los labels que tienen los pods que debe gestionar este\n   objeto de tipo deployment.\n * template: Aquí es donde definimos el POD en cuestión que tiene que usar como\n   plantilla, es decir, usando un objeto de tipo deployment ya no es necesario\n   tener por otro lado un objeto de tipo POD, puede estar definido dentro de\n   esta template (si los comparamos la definión debe ser muy similar)\n\nUna vez repasadas más o menos las diferencias veamos que pasa, cambiemos la\ncantidad de replicas a 2 y ejecutemos el típico create\n\n\n\nSi comprobamos los pods que tenemos ahora veremos algo distinto\n\n\n\nVemos como ahora ahora los pods se crean de otra manera, contienen el nombre del\nobjeto deploy y además una conjunto alfanumerico, eso convierte el nombre del\npod un identificador único. Además de comprobar los pods, ahora podemos usar\notro comando específico para deployments\n\nkubectl get deployments\n\n\n\n\nQue como podemos comprar nos muestra cuando pods tiene el deployment, cuandos\nestan activos y cuantos estan actualizados con la última versión (ya hablaremos\nde esto). Si ahora nosotros eliminamos uno de los pods, veremos como\nautomáticamente nos crea uno nuevo.\n\n\n\nKubernetes, como siempre, en su ciclo de vida (llamada bucle de reconciliación)\ncomprueba que el estado de los objetos que están en funcionamiento cumple con\nsus definiones/plantillas y si no, pues actua en consecuencia, en este caso con\nla creación de un nuevo POD usando la plantilla que tiene el objeto de tipo \ndeployment.\n\nPero claro ahora mismo hemos definido de antemano el número de replicas que\nqueremos de un mismo POD dentro de la plantilla de deploy, pero... ¿y si tengo\nque escalar mi aplicación ahora mismo entando en producción? pues para ello\ntenemos varias opciones:\n\n * Editar el estado actual de nuestro deploy en la API\n\nkubectl edit deploy mario-deploy\n\n\nNos aparecerá la definición que está actualmente en la API de kubernetes, lo que\npodemos hacer es editar el número de réplicas y esto nos debería escalar el\nnúmero de instancias de pods\n\n * Otra forma es usando el comando scale\n\nkubectl scale deployment mario-deploy --replicas=3\n\n\nEn cualquiera de los 2 casos si comprobamos los pods que tenemos deberían haber\naumentado\n\n\n\nY lo mismo podemos hacer para reducirlos, si disminuimos el número de replicas\nnos eliminará el número de instancias activas\n\nkubectl scale deployment mario-deploy --replicas=1\n\n\nComprobamos que empieza con la eliminación de 2 de las instancias y al final nos\ndeja solo con una\n\n\n\nActualizando versiones de nuestra aplicación y rollback\nTodo lo que hemos visto en este post está muy bien, pero normalmente ninguna\naplicación se mantiene en la misma versión para siempre, como tal, es necesario\nactualizarla en algún momento, en esta sección veremos como cambiar la versión\nde nuestra imagen y también como hacer rollback en caso de que algo falle. Todo\nesto es realmente sencillo gracias a kubernetes.\n\nPrimero de todo vamos a seleccionar una imagen que tenga varias versiones, para\nno complicarnos creando nosotros un contenedor específico me he decantado por\nusar la imagen oficial de NGINX [https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx], como se puede\nver entre los tags de versiones tenemos dos que son fáciles de diferencias \nstable y latest\n\n\n\nPrimero creemos nuestro deployment con la imagen stable, para ello crearemos un\nfichero yaml con estos datos\n\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: nginx-deploy\n  name: nginx-deploy\nspec:\n  replicas: 2\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: nginx-deploy\n  strategy: {}\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      creationTimestamp: null\n      labels:\n        app: nginx-deploy\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - image: nginx:stable \n        name: nginx-pod \n        ports:\n        - containerPort: 80\n        resources: {}\nstatus: {}\n\n\nComo véis tenemos 2 replicas de la versión nginx:stable, ejecutemos el comando\ncrear y comprobemos que pasa (recomiendo eliminar todo lo que hicimos\nanteriormente, recordar con kubectl delete ....)\n\nkubectl create -f nginx-deploy.yaml\n\n\n\n\nYa tenemos nuestros 2 pods que hemos definido en el deploy, ahora comprobemos la\nversión con la que se han creado con el comando describe\n\nkubectl describe deploy nginx-deploy\n\n\n\n\nSi nos fijamos tenemos dentro de containers la imagen seleccionada que es \nnginx:stable, ahora veamos las opciones para actualizar de versión\n\n 1. Usar el comando apply\n    Tenemos la posibilidad de actualizar la configuración actual de un objeto en\n    kubernetes usando el comando apply, modificando nuestro fichero de deploy.\n    Cambiemos la versión en nuestro fichero\n\napiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: nginx-deploy\n  name: nginx-deploy\nspec:\n  replicas: 2\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: nginx-deploy\n  strategy: {}\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      creationTimestamp: null\n      labels:\n        app: nginx-deploy\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - image: nginx:latest \n        name: nginx-pod \n        ports:\n        - containerPort: 80\n        resources: {}\nstatus: {}\n\n\nY ejecutemos el comando\n\nkubectl apply -f nginx-deploy.yaml\n\n\nSi ahora ejecutamos nuestros comandos get pods y describe veremos como tenemos\notra versión ya desplegada.\n\n\n\n 2. Es posible, al igual que hicimos antes, usar el comando edit, para modificar\n    el estado actual que está en la api de kubernetes (en teoría funciona pero a\n    mi me da problemas, aviso por si acaso)\n\nkubectl edit deploy nginx-deploy\n\n\n 3. Tenemos la opción de modificar directamente la imagen de un deployment con\n    la opción set\n\nkubectl set image deployments/nginx-deploy nginx-pod=nginx:latest\n\n\nEste comando indicamos que modifique la imagen dentro del \ndeployment/nginx-deploy de los pods con nombre nginx-pod usando la imagen \nnginx-latest. Si nos fijamos en nuestra definición de nuestro objeto deployment \nel nombre que yo le he puesto es el de nginx-pod\n\nSi comprobaramos nuestros ya típicos get pods y describe otra vez veríamos lo\nsiguiente\n\n\n\nOtra vez de nuevo nos ha cambiado la versión correctamente.\n\nComo tal tenemos otro comando para comprobar que la actualización ha ido\ncorrectamente que es el comando rollout\n\nkubectl rollout status deployment nginx-deploy\n\n\n\n\nEste comando nos confirma que la actualización ha ido correctamente.\n\nHaciendo rollback\nYa hemos visto como actualizar pero... ¿y si todo se ha roto al actualizar y\nqueremos volver atras? Pues en este caso es tan sencillo como...\n\nkubectl rollout undo deployment nginx-deploy\n\n\nEt voilá\n\n\n\nNuestra versión vuelve a ser la de nginx:stable. Creo que en este caso no tengo\nmucho más que decir, solo comentar que esto se podría automatizar con los \nhealthchecks que vimos en post anteriores (revisar la doc oficial que yo no he\nentrado en tanto detalle de momento), esto han sido unos primeros pasos para ver\ncomo lo podemos hacer nosotros todo manualmente.\n\nNo me enrollo más, espero que os haya gustado este post con el escalado y el\nrollback de nuestras aplicaciones, sin mucho más nos vemos en el siguienteeeee\nun abrazoooor","html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>Hasta ahora en los post anteriores hemos estado trabajando con solo un POD o una instancia de cada POD. Pero para realmente tener ese escenario no necesitamos <em>kubernetes</em> podiamos hacerlo igual con <em>docker</em> o con <em>docker-conpose</em>. Veamos ahora realmente algo de lo que nos ofrece realmente kubernetes que es la posibilidad de gestionar multiples instancias de un mismo POD.</p>\n<p>Esto lo hace kubernetes posible haciendo uso de los objetos con tipo <em>Deployment</em>, es un objeto muy similar al POD con el que hemos estado trabajando solo que nos permite indicarle cuantas instancias queremos de un mismo pod. Para ver un ejemplo podemos hacer, como siempre, uso de un comando <em>dry-run</em>:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create deployment mario-deploy --image=pengbai/docker-supermario:latest --port=8080 --dry-run=client -o yaml &gt; mario-deployment.yaml\n</code></pre>\n<p>Esto nos creará un documento similar a este:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">apiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: mario-deploy\n  name: mario-deploy\nspec:\n  replicas: 1\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: mario-deploy\n  strategy: {}\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      creationTimestamp: null\n      labels:\n        app: mario-deploy\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - image: pengbai/docker-supermario:latest\n        name: docker-supermario\n        ports:\n        - containerPort: 8080\n        resources: {}\nstatus: {}\n</code></pre>\n<p>Veamos un poco que es lo que tenemos aquí:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>metadata</strong>: Ya hemos visto en el resto de posts que es esto. Contiene <em>labels</em> identificativos que nos pueden ser utiles para hacer referencia desde otros objetos del cluster de kubernetes. Y también tiene su <em>name</em> para identificar este objeto como tal.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Dentro del <strong>spec</strong>, que recordemos que es donde realmente se define la <em>magia</em> tenemos nuevo:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>replicas</strong>: Creo que es autoexplicativo. Podemos indicar la cantidad de instancias que queremos de un tipo de POD.</li>\n<li><strong>selector</strong>: Al igual que pasaba con el objeto de tipo <em>service</em>, dentro de este selector indicamos los labels que tienen los pods que debe gestionar este objeto de tipo deployment.</li>\n<li><strong>template</strong>: Aquí es donde definimos el POD en cuestión que tiene que usar como plantilla, es decir, usando un objeto de tipo deployment ya no es necesario tener por otro lado un objeto de tipo POD, puede estar definido dentro de esta template (si los comparamos la definión debe ser muy similar)</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Una vez repasadas más o menos las diferencias veamos que pasa, <strong>cambiemos la cantidad de replicas a 2</strong> y ejecutemos el típico create</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.05.28.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.05.28\"></p>\n<p>Si comprobamos los pods que tenemos ahora veremos algo distinto</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.07.34.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.07.34\"></p>\n<p>Vemos como ahora ahora los pods se crean de otra manera, contienen el nombre del objeto deploy y además una conjunto alfanumerico, eso convierte el nombre del pod un identificador único. Además de comprobar los pods, ahora podemos usar otro comando específico para deployments</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl get deployments\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.10.29.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.10.29\"></p>\n<p>Que como podemos comprar nos muestra cuando pods tiene el deployment, cuandos estan activos y cuantos estan actualizados con la última versión (ya hablaremos de esto). Si ahora nosotros eliminamos uno de los pods, veremos como automáticamente nos crea uno nuevo.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.12.43.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.12.43\"></p>\n<p>Kubernetes, como siempre, en su ciclo de vida (llamada bucle de reconciliación) comprueba que el estado de los objetos que están en funcionamiento cumple con sus definiones/plantillas y si no, pues actua en consecuencia, en este caso con la creación de un nuevo POD usando la plantilla que tiene el objeto de tipo <em>deployment</em>.</p>\n<p>Pero claro ahora mismo hemos definido de antemano el número de replicas que queremos de un mismo POD dentro de la plantilla de deploy, pero... ¿y si tengo que <em>escalar</em> mi aplicación ahora mismo entando en producción? pues para ello tenemos varias opciones:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Editar el estado actual de nuestro deploy en la API</li>\n</ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl edit deploy mario-deploy\n</code></pre>\n<p>Nos aparecerá la definición que está actualmente en la API de kubernetes, lo que podemos hacer es editar el número de réplicas y esto nos debería escalar el número de instancias de pods</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Otra forma es usando el comando <em>scale</em></li>\n</ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl scale deployment mario-deploy --replicas=3\n</code></pre>\n<p>En cualquiera de los 2 casos si comprobamos los pods que tenemos deberían haber aumentado</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.28.51.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.28.51\"></p>\n<p>Y lo mismo podemos hacer para reducirlos, si disminuimos el número de replicas nos eliminará el número de instancias activas</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl scale deployment mario-deploy --replicas=1\n</code></pre>\n<p>Comprobamos que empieza con la eliminación de 2 de las instancias y al final nos deja solo con una</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.30.59.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.30.59\"></p>\n<h3 id=\"actualizandoversionesdenuestraaplicacinyrollback\">Actualizando versiones de nuestra aplicación y rollback</h3>\n<p>Todo lo que hemos visto en este post está muy bien, pero normalmente ninguna aplicación se mantiene en la misma versión para siempre, como tal, es necesario actualizarla en algún momento, en esta sección veremos como cambiar la versión de nuestra imagen y también como hacer rollback en caso de que algo falle. Todo esto es realmente sencillo gracias a kubernetes.</p>\n<p>Primero de todo vamos a seleccionar una imagen que tenga varias versiones, para no complicarnos creando nosotros un contenedor específico me he decantado por usar la imagen oficial de <a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx\">NGINX</a>, como se puede ver entre los tags de versiones tenemos dos que son fáciles de diferencias <em>stable</em> y <em>latest</em></p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.06.18.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.06.18\"></p>\n<p>Primero creemos nuestro deployment con la imagen stable, para ello crearemos un fichero yaml con estos datos</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">apiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: nginx-deploy\n  name: nginx-deploy\nspec:\n  replicas: 2\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: nginx-deploy\n  strategy: {}\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      creationTimestamp: null\n      labels:\n        app: nginx-deploy\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - image: nginx:stable \n        name: nginx-pod \n        ports:\n        - containerPort: 80\n        resources: {}\nstatus: {}\n</code></pre>\n<p>Como véis tenemos 2 replicas de la versión <strong>nginx:stable</strong>, ejecutemos el comando crear y comprobemos que pasa (recomiendo eliminar todo lo que hicimos anteriormente, recordar con <em>kubectl delete ....</em>)</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create -f nginx-deploy.yaml\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.10.17.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.10.17\"></p>\n<p>Ya tenemos nuestros 2 pods que hemos definido en el deploy, ahora comprobemos la versión con la que se han creado con el comando describe</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl describe deploy nginx-deploy\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.11.36.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.11.36\"></p>\n<p>Si nos fijamos tenemos dentro de <em>containers</em> la imagen seleccionada que es <em>nginx:stable</em>, ahora veamos las opciones para actualizar de versión</p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Usar el comando apply</strong><br>\nTenemos la posibilidad de actualizar la configuración actual de un objeto en kubernetes usando el comando <em>apply</em>, modificando nuestro fichero de deploy. Cambiemos la versión en nuestro fichero</li>\n</ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">apiVersion: apps/v1\nkind: Deployment\nmetadata:\n  creationTimestamp: null\n  labels:\n    app: nginx-deploy\n  name: nginx-deploy\nspec:\n  replicas: 2\n  selector:\n    matchLabels:\n      app: nginx-deploy\n  strategy: {}\n  template:\n    metadata:\n      creationTimestamp: null\n      labels:\n        app: nginx-deploy\n    spec:\n      containers:\n      - image: nginx:latest \n        name: nginx-pod \n        ports:\n        - containerPort: 80\n        resources: {}\nstatus: {}\n</code></pre>\n<p>Y ejecutemos el comando</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl apply -f nginx-deploy.yaml\n</code></pre>\n<p>Si ahora ejecutamos nuestros comandos <em>get pods y describe</em> veremos como tenemos otra versión ya desplegada.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.18.58.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.18.58\"></p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>Es posible, al igual que hicimos antes, usar el comando edit, para modificar el estado actual que está en la api de kubernetes (en teoría funciona pero a mi me da problemas, aviso por si acaso)</li>\n</ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl edit deploy nginx-deploy\n</code></pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>Tenemos la opción de modificar directamente la imagen de un deployment con la opción <em>set</em></li>\n</ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl set image deployments/nginx-deploy nginx-pod=nginx:latest\n</code></pre>\n<p>Este comando indicamos que modifique la imagen dentro del <strong>deployment/nginx-deploy</strong> de los pods con nombre <strong>nginx-pod</strong> usando la imagen <strong>nginx-latest</strong>. Si nos fijamos en nuestra definición de nuestro objeto <em>deployment</em> el nombre que yo le he puesto es el de <strong>nginx-pod</strong></p>\n<p>Si comprobaramos nuestros ya típicos <em>get pods y describe</em> otra vez veríamos lo siguiente</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.26.13.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.26.13\"></p>\n<p>Otra vez de nuevo nos ha cambiado la versión correctamente.</p>\n<p>Como tal tenemos otro comando para comprobar que la actualización ha ido correctamente que es el comando <em>rollout</em></p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl rollout status deployment nginx-deploy\n</code></pre>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.28.29.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.28.29\"></p>\n<p>Este comando nos confirma que la actualización ha ido correctamente.</p>\n<h4 id=\"haciendorollback\">Haciendo rollback</h4>\n<p>Ya hemos visto como actualizar pero... ¿y si todo se ha roto al actualizar y queremos volver atras? Pues en este caso es tan sencillo como...</p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx-deploy\n</code></pre>\n<p>Et voilá</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.31.00.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.31.00\"></p>\n<p>Nuestra versión vuelve a ser la de <strong>nginx:stable</strong>. Creo que en este caso no tengo mucho más que decir, solo comentar que esto se podría automatizar con los <em>healthchecks</em> que vimos en post anteriores (revisar la doc oficial que yo no he entrado en tanto detalle de momento), esto han sido unos primeros pasos para ver como lo podemos hacer nosotros todo manualmente.</p>\n<p>No me enrollo más, espero que os haya gustado este post con el escalado y el rollback de nuestras aplicaciones, sin mucho más nos vemos en el siguienteeeee un abrazoooor</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","url":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/docker-xii-kubernetes-vii-multiplicando-pods/","canonical_url":null,"uuid":"6370af59-a16a-42d5-baa7-364d28f09892","codeinjection_foot":null,"codeinjection_head":null,"codeinjection_styles":null,"comment_id":"6003341fa6c0f5058bff4d9e","reading_time":6,"send_email_when_published":false,"email_subject":null,"childHtmlRehype":{"html":"<!--kg-card-begin: markdown--><p>Hasta ahora en los post anteriores hemos estado trabajando con solo un POD o una instancia de cada POD. Pero para realmente tener ese escenario no necesitamos <em>kubernetes</em> podiamos hacerlo igual con <em>docker</em> o con <em>docker-conpose</em>. Veamos ahora realmente algo de lo que nos ofrece realmente kubernetes que es la posibilidad de gestionar multiples instancias de un mismo POD.</p>\n<p>Esto lo hace kubernetes posible haciendo uso de los objetos con tipo <em>Deployment</em>, es un objeto muy similar al POD con el que hemos estado trabajando solo que nos permite indicarle cuantas instancias queremos de un mismo pod. Para ver un ejemplo podemos hacer, como siempre, uso de un comando <em>dry-run</em>:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create deployment mario-deploy --image<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>pengbai/docker-supermario:latest --port<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">8080</span> --dry-run<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>client -o yaml <span class=\"token operator\">></span> mario-deployment.yaml\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Esto nos creará un documento similar a este:</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"yaml\"><pre class=\"language-yaml\"><code class=\"language-yaml\"><span class=\"token key atrule\">apiVersion</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> apps/v1\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">kind</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Deployment\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> mario<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> mario<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">replicas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">selector</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">matchLabels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> mario<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">strategy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">template</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> mario<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">containers</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">image</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> pengbai/docker<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>supermario<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>latest\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> docker<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>supermario\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">ports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">containerPort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">8080</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">resources</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">status</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Veamos un poco que es lo que tenemos aquí:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>metadata</strong>: Ya hemos visto en el resto de posts que es esto. Contiene <em>labels</em> identificativos que nos pueden ser utiles para hacer referencia desde otros objetos del cluster de kubernetes. Y también tiene su <em>name</em> para identificar este objeto como tal.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Dentro del <strong>spec</strong>, que recordemos que es donde realmente se define la <em>magia</em> tenemos nuevo:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>replicas</strong>: Creo que es autoexplicativo. Podemos indicar la cantidad de instancias que queremos de un tipo de POD.</li>\n<li><strong>selector</strong>: Al igual que pasaba con el objeto de tipo <em>service</em>, dentro de este selector indicamos los labels que tienen los pods que debe gestionar este objeto de tipo deployment.</li>\n<li><strong>template</strong>: Aquí es donde definimos el POD en cuestión que tiene que usar como plantilla, es decir, usando un objeto de tipo deployment ya no es necesario tener por otro lado un objeto de tipo POD, puede estar definido dentro de esta template (si los comparamos la definión debe ser muy similar)</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Una vez repasadas más o menos las diferencias veamos que pasa, <strong>cambiemos la cantidad de replicas a 2</strong> y ejecutemos el típico create</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.05.28.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.05.28\"></p>\n<p>Si comprobamos los pods que tenemos ahora veremos algo distinto</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.07.34.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.07.34\"></p>\n<p>Vemos como ahora ahora los pods se crean de otra manera, contienen el nombre del objeto deploy y además una conjunto alfanumerico, eso convierte el nombre del pod un identificador único. Además de comprobar los pods, ahora podemos usar otro comando específico para deployments</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl get deployments\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.10.29.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.10.29\"></p>\n<p>Que como podemos comprar nos muestra cuando pods tiene el deployment, cuandos estan activos y cuantos estan actualizados con la última versión (ya hablaremos de esto). Si ahora nosotros eliminamos uno de los pods, veremos como automáticamente nos crea uno nuevo.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.12.43.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.12.43\"></p>\n<p>Kubernetes, como siempre, en su ciclo de vida (llamada bucle de reconciliación) comprueba que el estado de los objetos que están en funcionamiento cumple con sus definiones/plantillas y si no, pues actua en consecuencia, en este caso con la creación de un nuevo POD usando la plantilla que tiene el objeto de tipo <em>deployment</em>.</p>\n<p>Pero claro ahora mismo hemos definido de antemano el número de replicas que queremos de un mismo POD dentro de la plantilla de deploy, pero... ¿y si tengo que <em>escalar</em> mi aplicación ahora mismo entando en producción? pues para ello tenemos varias opciones:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Editar el estado actual de nuestro deploy en la API</li>\n</ul>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl edit deploy mario-deploy\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Nos aparecerá la definición que está actualmente en la API de kubernetes, lo que podemos hacer es editar el número de réplicas y esto nos debería escalar el número de instancias de pods</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Otra forma es usando el comando <em>scale</em></li>\n</ul>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl scale deployment mario-deploy --replicas<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">3</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>En cualquiera de los 2 casos si comprobamos los pods que tenemos deberían haber aumentado</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.28.51.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.28.51\"></p>\n<p>Y lo mismo podemos hacer para reducirlos, si disminuimos el número de replicas nos eliminará el número de instancias activas</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl scale deployment mario-deploy --replicas<span class=\"token operator\">=</span><span class=\"token number\">1</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Comprobamos que empieza con la eliminación de 2 de las instancias y al final nos deja solo con una</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.30.59.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.30.59\"></p>\n<h3 id=\"actualizandoversionesdenuestraaplicacinyrollback\">Actualizando versiones de nuestra aplicación y rollback</h3>\n<p>Todo lo que hemos visto en este post está muy bien, pero normalmente ninguna aplicación se mantiene en la misma versión para siempre, como tal, es necesario actualizarla en algún momento, en esta sección veremos como cambiar la versión de nuestra imagen y también como hacer rollback en caso de que algo falle. Todo esto es realmente sencillo gracias a kubernetes.</p>\n<p>Primero de todo vamos a seleccionar una imagen que tenga varias versiones, para no complicarnos creando nosotros un contenedor específico me he decantado por usar la imagen oficial de <a href=\"https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx\">NGINX</a>, como se puede ver entre los tags de versiones tenemos dos que son fáciles de diferencias <em>stable</em> y <em>latest</em></p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.06.18.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.06.18\"></p>\n<p>Primero creemos nuestro deployment con la imagen stable, para ello crearemos un fichero yaml con estos datos</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"yaml\"><pre class=\"language-yaml\"><code class=\"language-yaml\"><span class=\"token key atrule\">apiVersion</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> apps/v1\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">kind</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Deployment\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">replicas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">selector</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">matchLabels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">strategy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">template</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">containers</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">image</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>stable \n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>pod \n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">ports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">containerPort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">resources</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">status</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Como véis tenemos 2 replicas de la versión <strong>nginx:stable</strong>, ejecutemos el comando crear y comprobemos que pasa (recomiendo eliminar todo lo que hicimos anteriormente, recordar con <em>kubectl delete ....</em>)</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl create -f nginx-deploy.yaml\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.10.17.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.10.17\"></p>\n<p>Ya tenemos nuestros 2 pods que hemos definido en el deploy, ahora comprobemos la versión con la que se han creado con el comando describe</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl describe deploy nginx-deploy\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.11.36.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.11.36\"></p>\n<p>Si nos fijamos tenemos dentro de <em>containers</em> la imagen seleccionada que es <em>nginx:stable</em>, ahora veamos las opciones para actualizar de versión</p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Usar el comando apply</strong><br>\nTenemos la posibilidad de actualizar la configuración actual de un objeto en kubernetes usando el comando <em>apply</em>, modificando nuestro fichero de deploy. Cambiemos la versión en nuestro fichero</li>\n</ol>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"yaml\"><pre class=\"language-yaml\"><code class=\"language-yaml\"><span class=\"token key atrule\">apiVersion</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> apps/v1\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">kind</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> Deployment\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">replicas</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">2</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">selector</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">matchLabels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">strategy</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n  <span class=\"token key atrule\">template</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">metadata</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">creationTimestamp</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token null important\">null</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">labels</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">app</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>deploy\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">spec</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token key atrule\">containers</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n      <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">image</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>latest \n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">name</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> nginx<span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span>pod \n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">ports</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">-</span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">containerPort</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token number\">80</span>\n        <span class=\"token key atrule\">resources</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n<span class=\"token key atrule\">status</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:</span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{</span><span class=\"token punctuation\">}</span>\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Y ejecutemos el comando</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl apply -f nginx-deploy.yaml\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Si ahora ejecutamos nuestros comandos <em>get pods y describe</em> veremos como tenemos otra versión ya desplegada.</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.18.58.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.18.58\"></p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>Es posible, al igual que hicimos antes, usar el comando edit, para modificar el estado actual que está en la api de kubernetes (en teoría funciona pero a mi me da problemas, aviso por si acaso)</li>\n</ol>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl edit deploy nginx-deploy\n</code></pre></div>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>Tenemos la opción de modificar directamente la imagen de un deployment con la opción <em>set</em></li>\n</ol>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">set</span> image deployments/nginx-deploy nginx-pod<span class=\"token operator\">=</span>nginx:latest\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Este comando indicamos que modifique la imagen dentro del <strong>deployment/nginx-deploy</strong> de los pods con nombre <strong>nginx-pod</strong> usando la imagen <strong>nginx-latest</strong>. Si nos fijamos en nuestra definición de nuestro objeto <em>deployment</em> el nombre que yo le he puesto es el de <strong>nginx-pod</strong></p>\n<p>Si comprobaramos nuestros ya típicos <em>get pods y describe</em> otra vez veríamos lo siguiente</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.26.13.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.26.13\"></p>\n<p>Otra vez de nuevo nos ha cambiado la versión correctamente.</p>\n<p>Como tal tenemos otro comando para comprobar que la actualización ha ido correctamente que es el comando <em>rollout</em></p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl rollout status deployment nginx-deploy\n</code></pre></div>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.28.29.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.28.29\"></p>\n<p>Este comando nos confirma que la actualización ha ido correctamente.</p>\n<h4 id=\"haciendorollback\">Haciendo rollback</h4>\n<p>Ya hemos visto como actualizar pero... ¿y si todo se ha roto al actualizar y queremos volver atras? Pues en este caso es tan sencillo como...</p>\n<div class=\"kg-card kg-code-card gatsby-highlight\" data-language=\"shell\"><pre class=\"language-shell\"><code class=\"language-shell\">kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx-deploy\n</code></pre></div>\n<p>Et voilá</p>\n<p><img src=\"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.31.00.png\" alt=\"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.31.00\"></p>\n<p>Nuestra versión vuelve a ser la de <strong>nginx:stable</strong>. Creo que en este caso no tengo mucho más que decir, solo comentar que esto se podría automatizar con los <em>healthchecks</em> que vimos en post anteriores (revisar la doc oficial que yo no he entrado en tanto detalle de momento), esto han sido unos primeros pasos para ver como lo podemos hacer nosotros todo manualmente.</p>\n<p>No me enrollo más, espero que os haya gustado este post con el escalado y el rollback de nuestras aplicaciones, sin mucho más nos vemos en el siguienteeeee un abrazoooor</p>\n<!--kg-card-end: markdown-->","htmlAst":{"type":"root","children":[{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-begin: markdown"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Hasta ahora en los post anteriores hemos estado trabajando con solo un POD o una instancia de cada POD. Pero para realmente tener ese escenario no necesitamos "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubernetes"}]},{"type":"text","value":" podiamos hacerlo igual con "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"docker"}]},{"type":"text","value":" o con "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"docker-conpose"}]},{"type":"text","value":". Veamos ahora realmente algo de lo que nos ofrece realmente kubernetes que es la posibilidad de gestionar multiples instancias de un mismo POD."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto lo hace kubernetes posible haciendo uso de los objetos con tipo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Deployment"}]},{"type":"text","value":", es un objeto muy similar al POD con el que hemos estado trabajando solo que nos permite indicarle cuantas instancias queremos de un mismo pod. Para ver un ejemplo podemos hacer, como siempre, uso de un comando "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"dry-run"}]},{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl create deployment mario-deploy --image"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":"pengbai/docker-supermario:latest --port"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"8080"}]},{"type":"text","value":" --dry-run"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":"client -o yaml "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":">"}]},{"type":"text","value":" mario-deployment.yaml\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Esto nos creará un documento similar a este:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"yaml"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apiVersion"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" apps/v1\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kind"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" Deployment\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" mario"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" mario"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"replicas"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"selector"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"matchLabels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" mario"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"strategy"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"template"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" mario"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"containers"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"image"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" pengbai/docker"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"supermario"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"latest\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" docker"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"supermario\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"ports"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"containerPort"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"8080"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"resources"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"status"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Veamos un poco que es lo que tenemos aquí:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Ya hemos visto en el resto de posts que es esto. Contiene "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"text","value":" identificativos que nos pueden ser utiles para hacer referencia desde otros objetos del cluster de kubernetes. Y también tiene su "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"text","value":" para identificar este objeto como tal."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Dentro del "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"text","value":", que recordemos que es donde realmente se define la "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"magia"}]},{"type":"text","value":" tenemos nuevo:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"replicas"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Creo que es autoexplicativo. Podemos indicar la cantidad de instancias que queremos de un tipo de POD."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"selector"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Al igual que pasaba con el objeto de tipo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"service"}]},{"type":"text","value":", dentro de este selector indicamos los labels que tienen los pods que debe gestionar este objeto de tipo deployment."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"template"}]},{"type":"text","value":": Aquí es donde definimos el POD en cuestión que tiene que usar como plantilla, es decir, usando un objeto de tipo deployment ya no es necesario tener por otro lado un objeto de tipo POD, puede estar definido dentro de esta template (si los comparamos la definión debe ser muy similar)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Una vez repasadas más o menos las diferencias veamos que pasa, "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"cambiemos la cantidad de replicas a 2"}]},{"type":"text","value":" y ejecutemos el típico create"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.05.28.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.05.28"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Si comprobamos los pods que tenemos ahora veremos algo distinto"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.07.34.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.07.34"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Vemos como ahora ahora los pods se crean de otra manera, contienen el nombre del objeto deploy y además una conjunto alfanumerico, eso convierte el nombre del pod un identificador único. Además de comprobar los pods, ahora podemos usar otro comando específico para deployments"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl get deployments\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.10.29.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.10.29"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Que como podemos comprar nos muestra cuando pods tiene el deployment, cuandos estan activos y cuantos estan actualizados con la última versión (ya hablaremos de esto). Si ahora nosotros eliminamos uno de los pods, veremos como automáticamente nos crea uno nuevo."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.12.43.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.12.43"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Kubernetes, como siempre, en su ciclo de vida (llamada bucle de reconciliación) comprueba que el estado de los objetos que están en funcionamiento cumple con sus definiones/plantillas y si no, pues actua en consecuencia, en este caso con la creación de un nuevo POD usando la plantilla que tiene el objeto de tipo "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"deployment"}]},{"type":"text","value":"."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Pero claro ahora mismo hemos definido de antemano el número de replicas que queremos de un mismo POD dentro de la plantilla de deploy, pero... ¿y si tengo que "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"escalar"}]},{"type":"text","value":" mi aplicación ahora mismo entando en producción? pues para ello tenemos varias opciones:"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Editar el estado actual de nuestro deploy en la API"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl edit deploy mario-deploy\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Nos aparecerá la definición que está actualmente en la API de kubernetes, lo que podemos hacer es editar el número de réplicas y esto nos debería escalar el número de instancias de pods"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ul","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Otra forma es usando el comando "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"scale"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl scale deployment mario-deploy --replicas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"3"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"En cualquiera de los 2 casos si comprobamos los pods que tenemos deberían haber aumentado"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.28.51.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.28.51"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y lo mismo podemos hacer para reducirlos, si disminuimos el número de replicas nos eliminará el número de instancias activas"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl scale deployment mario-deploy --replicas"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"1"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Comprobamos que empieza con la eliminación de 2 de las instancias y al final nos deja solo con una"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.30.59.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-20.30.59"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h3","properties":{"id":"actualizandoversionesdenuestraaplicacinyrollback"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Actualizando versiones de nuestra aplicación y rollback"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Todo lo que hemos visto en este post está muy bien, pero normalmente ninguna aplicación se mantiene en la misma versión para siempre, como tal, es necesario actualizarla en algún momento, en esta sección veremos como cambiar la versión de nuestra imagen y también como hacer rollback en caso de que algo falle. Todo esto es realmente sencillo gracias a kubernetes."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Primero de todo vamos a seleccionar una imagen que tenga varias versiones, para no complicarnos creando nosotros un contenedor específico me he decantado por usar la imagen oficial de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"a","properties":{"href":"https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"NGINX"}]},{"type":"text","value":", como se puede ver entre los tags de versiones tenemos dos que son fáciles de diferencias "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"stable"}]},{"type":"text","value":" y "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"latest"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.06.18.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.06.18"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Primero creemos nuestro deployment con la imagen stable, para ello crearemos un fichero yaml con estos datos"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"yaml"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apiVersion"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" apps/v1\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kind"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" Deployment\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"replicas"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"selector"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"matchLabels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"strategy"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"template"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"containers"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"image"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"stable \n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"pod \n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"ports"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"containerPort"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"80"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"resources"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"status"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como véis tenemos 2 replicas de la versión "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"nginx:stable"}]},{"type":"text","value":", ejecutemos el comando crear y comprobemos que pasa (recomiendo eliminar todo lo que hicimos anteriormente, recordar con "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl delete ...."}]},{"type":"text","value":")"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl create -f nginx-deploy.yaml\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.10.17.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.10.17"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ya tenemos nuestros 2 pods que hemos definido en el deploy, ahora comprobemos la versión con la que se han creado con el comando describe"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl describe deploy nginx-deploy\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.11.36.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.11.36"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Si nos fijamos tenemos dentro de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"containers"}]},{"type":"text","value":" la imagen seleccionada que es "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"nginx:stable"}]},{"type":"text","value":", ahora veamos las opciones para actualizar de versión"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ol","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Usar el comando apply"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"br","properties":{},"children":[]},{"type":"text","value":"\nTenemos la posibilidad de actualizar la configuración actual de un objeto en kubernetes usando el comando "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apply"}]},{"type":"text","value":", modificando nuestro fichero de deploy. Cambiemos la versión en nuestro fichero"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"yaml"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-yaml"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"apiVersion"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" apps/v1\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kind"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" Deployment\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"replicas"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"2"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"selector"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"matchLabels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"strategy"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n  "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"template"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"metadata"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"creationTimestamp"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","null","important"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"null"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"labels"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"app"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"deploy\n    "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"spec"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"containers"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n      "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"image"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"latest \n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"name"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" nginx"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":"pod \n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"ports"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"-"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"containerPort"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","number"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"80"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n        "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"resources"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","key","atrule"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"status"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":":"}]},{"type":"text","value":" "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"{"}]},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","punctuation"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"}"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Y ejecutemos el comando"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl apply -f nginx-deploy.yaml\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Si ahora ejecutamos nuestros comandos "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"get pods y describe"}]},{"type":"text","value":" veremos como tenemos otra versión ya desplegada."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.18.58.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.18.58"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ol","properties":{"start":2},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Es posible, al igual que hicimos antes, usar el comando edit, para modificar el estado actual que está en la api de kubernetes (en teoría funciona pero a mi me da problemas, aviso por si acaso)"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl edit deploy nginx-deploy\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"ol","properties":{"start":3},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"li","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Tenemos la opción de modificar directamente la imagen de un deployment con la opción "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"set"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl "},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","builtin","class-name"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"set"}]},{"type":"text","value":" image deployments/nginx-deploy nginx-pod"},{"type":"element","tagName":"span","properties":{"className":["token","operator"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"="}]},{"type":"text","value":"nginx:latest\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Este comando indicamos que modifique la imagen dentro del "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"deployment/nginx-deploy"}]},{"type":"text","value":" de los pods con nombre "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"nginx-pod"}]},{"type":"text","value":" usando la imagen "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"nginx-latest"}]},{"type":"text","value":". Si nos fijamos en nuestra definición de nuestro objeto "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"deployment"}]},{"type":"text","value":" el nombre que yo le he puesto es el de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"nginx-pod"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Si comprobaramos nuestros ya típicos "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"get pods y describe"}]},{"type":"text","value":" otra vez veríamos lo siguiente"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.26.13.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.26.13"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Otra vez de nuevo nos ha cambiado la versión correctamente."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Como tal tenemos otro comando para comprobar que la actualización ha ido correctamente que es el comando "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"rollout"}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl rollout status deployment nginx-deploy\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.28.29.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.28.29"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Este comando nos confirma que la actualización ha ido correctamente."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"h4","properties":{"id":"haciendorollback"},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Haciendo rollback"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Ya hemos visto como actualizar pero... ¿y si todo se ha roto al actualizar y queremos volver atras? Pues en este caso es tan sencillo como..."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"div","properties":{"className":["kg-card","kg-code-card","gatsby-highlight"],"dataLanguage":"shell"},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"pre","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"code","properties":{"className":["language-shell"]},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"kubectl rollout undo deployment nginx-deploy\n"}]}]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Et voilá"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"element","tagName":"img","properties":{"src":"https://jlgarcia.fulldev.ninja/assets/images/2021/01/Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.31.00.png","alt":"Captura-de-pantalla-2021-01-16-a-las-21.31.00"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"Nuestra versión vuelve a ser la de "},{"type":"element","tagName":"strong","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"nginx:stable"}]},{"type":"text","value":". Creo que en este caso no tengo mucho más que decir, solo comentar que esto se podría automatizar con los "},{"type":"element","tagName":"em","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"healthchecks"}]},{"type":"text","value":" que vimos en post anteriores (revisar la doc oficial que yo no he entrado en tanto detalle de momento), esto han sido unos primeros pasos para ver como lo podemos hacer nosotros todo manualmente."}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"element","tagName":"p","properties":{},"children":[{"type":"text","value":"No me enrollo más, espero que os haya gustado este post con el escalado y el rollback de nuestras aplicaciones, sin mucho más nos vemos en el siguienteeeee un abrazoooor"}]},{"type":"text","value":"\n"},{"type":"comment","value":"kg-card-end: markdown"}],"data":{"quirksMode":false}},"tableOfContents":[{"id":"actualizandoversionesdenuestraaplicacinyrollback","heading":"Actualizando versiones de nuestra aplicación y rollback","items":[{"id":"haciendorollback","heading":"Haciendo rollback"}]}]},"featureImageSharp":{"base":"learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.jpg","publicURL":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.jpg","imageMeta":{"width":480,"height":270},"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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","aspectRatio":1.7857142857142858,"src":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/e3903/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.jpg","srcSet":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/477ba/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.jpg 175w,\n/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/06776/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.jpg 350w,\n/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/e3903/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.jpg 480w","srcWebp":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/61162/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.webp","srcSetWebp":"/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/9fca7/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.webp 175w,\n/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/37a4e/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.webp 350w,\n/static/8f47faaada0e810968ad97255d3f8852/61162/learning-docker-and-k8s-by-practice-3.webp 480w","sizes":"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px"}}}}}]}},"pageContext":{"slug":"kubernetes-i-intro-e-instalacion","prev":"javascript-funcional-iii-composicion-de-funciones","next":"javascript-funcional-ii","tag":"docker","limit":3,"skip":0,"primaryTagCount":13,"collectionPaths":{}}},
    "staticQueryHashes": ["1272700106","1676991999","2138873178","2546165603","2681841279","2938721187","293880488","3052966952","4156497161"]}